What position does Judaism take on life after death? The Old Testament doesn’t seem to say much about this subject.
I’m sure you’ll get better answers soon, here’re my 2 sheckels.
Judaism focuses more of life than death. The whole “believe or you’ll be sorry after you die” bit came with some of the other, later, religions. There is a bit of lore and writings about what happens after you die. Something along the lines of when the Messiah comes the dead will rise and we’ll all congregate in Jerusalem and have a grand ol’ time. (IIRC, that’s partly why many orthodox Jews don’t donate organs.) There is a place in the Torah that indicates that “bad” people will be kept out of the good (after)life for 12 months, but other than that there’s no eternal hellfire and damnation.
or something like that 
PC
The link Alphagene provided pretty much says it all, except for one notable omission: it fails to mention the story of the Witch of Endor in I Samuel 28, in which Saul communicates with Samuel’s soul after the latter’s death. This is a clear reference to a belief in life after death in the Old Testament.
Echoing and quoting from the source that Alphagene nicely found: Judaism has no fixed dogma about an afterlife. Traditional (Orthodox) Judaism tends to believe that there is some sort of afterlife, but there is no consense about it.
<< It is possible for an Orthodox Jew to believe that the souls of the righteous dead go to a place similar to the Christian heaven, or that they are reincarnated through many lifetimes, or that they simply wait until the coming of the messiah, when they will be resurrected. >>
Within Conservative and Reform Judaism, there is even more variation possible. Namely, in addition to the beliefs noted above, Conservative and Reform Jews could believe that here is NO afterlife, that this life is IT (capital I, capital T.)
In short, the basic beliefs of Judaism are not related to afterlife. We are commanded to behave morally here on earth for its own sake, for love of God and for love of mankind, and not for any “reward” in heaven.
For those Jews who do believe in a heaven similar to the common Christian notion, the concept usually involves studying Torah with the great sages of the past.
Similarly, there is no particular belief in a hell. Many rabbinic legends talk about hell (Pharoah of the Exodus standing at the entrance, saying to each evil-doer, “Why didn’t you learn from my example?”) but those are primarily moral stories rather than religious dogma. There is a sort of common agreement that every soul has sinned, and so must work out their sins in some sort of purgatory after death; we therefore mourn for an eleven month period. While the eleven month mourning period is common to all Jews, not every Jew accepts the purgatory concept, by far.