Counting the numbers of different media where the character may have appeared, and the number of individual actors that may have portrayed him/her, and the span of time where the same character has been in popular culture, is there anybody even close to Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s creation?
Really good point - sometimes we don’t recognize the stock characters of other cultures. FWIW, Son Goku of Dragonball more or less is Sun Wukong, or at least significantly based on him to the extent where you can call him a SF interpretation of him.
Other characters to consider:
King Arthur, and/or other well-known characters of the Arthurian tales such as Sir Lancelot and Guinevere <3.
Aside from cartoon images like Mickey Mouse (and maybe Santa Claus), I wonder how many fictional characters would be instantly recognized in silhouette form. When I was teaching English in Moscow (the topic on this day was “Modals of Deduction”), I drew an outline of Holmes’s profile on the whiteboard, and the Russians knew who it was before I had finished.