I have never heard of an ice dam before. Now I’m nervous!! Our roof is asphalt shingles (but each one is quite big - more like a long strip maybe six feet by two) and is designed to STOP snow falling off it, with the idea that the snow insulates the roof more.
We only get about 60cm at most building up on it, and we have no gutters - does that help do you think??
We do get icicles on warmer days but none on very cold days which leads us to think its the rays of the sun (we face south) that does it, not heat loss from poor insulation. The icicles only fall at the end of the season and onto land that nobody can get to as the snow is so deep, so it’s safe.