There’s a great series of books that list all these things and more
The nit-pickers guide series by Phil Farrand. They examine each individual episode for plot holes, changed premises, equipment oddities, etc, plus discussion of general silliness, such as the number of planets that are just like Earth at a particular point in history.
In the non-canon radio play Spock vs Q, Spock cheerfully admits to lying by omission when it suits him.
Edit: Well, okay, not cheerfully, but, you know. Without hesitation. :smack:
I’ma have to go back and watch that one. What a boneheaded move!
But again, in The Enterprise Incident, Spock wasn’t lying by omission - he was flat out and blatantly laying bullshit a mile thick. For that matter, he was also duplicitous in The Menagerie.
On further reflection, the “Vulcans cannot lie, for real” likely got its start in the second film:
Saavik: You lied.
Spock: I exaggerated.
Unfortunately, what was merely a cute moment was blithely accepted as fact by later writers, to the franchise’s detriment.
In Voyager I think they were referred to as “deflector shields” but I am going by memory only.
My fanwank has always been that it’s not the fact that Data can do what he does, it’s the fact that he’s done with such a compact brain! Keep in mind that every one of those holograms has an entire starship computer running behind it.
The Doctor is special, because his magic armband is another 2-3 centuries advanced, if I recall correctly.
That’s not really the point though; the question here is one of consistency, not accuracy. If your SF story establishes that everyone in the future wears antigravity boots, then it’s inconsistent if a character is unable to reach a high shelf. Whether antigravity is actually possible or not is immaterial.
Trying to force this stuff into something resembling a unified whole is all part of the fun.
The whole communaction thing i never got… Picard to Riker! Riker here… How does the comptuer send it in real time? How does it know who to send it to before its been said?
Oh yeah and time travel. Its hard to do but its easy getting back.
Everybody hears it, but the communication system (being actually tied directly into their brains) makes everyone but the target forget having heard it immediately afterwards.
-FrL-
okay I just made that up.
Video calls are done facing a screen, which no doubt has a little camera behind it. When Kirk talks from the bridge, there is a camera mounted above the screen. We see pictures of it from the log in *Court Martial *.
Yeah. The plans show a stair in front of the bridge, but it was never used in the show.
The shields blocked radar, not visual. The Enterprise is big, but is going to be a bit hard to see from the surface unless someone was looking and got real lucky.
I’m having trouble remembering, since it’s been a while since I’ve actually watched any Star Trek, but does the “Picard to Riker” part actually go through? I seem to remember that, in those cases, Riker would only hear a beep, slap his communicator, and say “Go ahead.” The “Picard to Riker” part didn’t actually get transmitted.
I may be misremembering horribly, though.
Given that Picard calls Riker all the time, I bet the computer has the circuit just about established at Ri and completes it when he finishes the name. It had recorded it, and pipes it to Riker when he opens the channel. This is all done in the pause between Picard saying it and Riker answering. Which sometimes is edited out of the show for better flow. 
That would make it easier, but then how would he know who’s calling?
Which they actually did in First Contact, once Geordi knew where to point the telescope.
-Joe
It was mentioned in one of the Technical Manuals, and occasionally the term “nadion” was used in the series. I THINK that it was used in the episode where a renegade Klingon brainwashed Geordie, and Geordie was analyzing some captured phaser rifles.
Scientific American, I believe. No idea which issue.
Didn’t you see what happened to Kirk ?! They would have been EVIL bricks !
“Navigational deflectors” is the term used for navigational shields.
Except that they downloaded Professor Moriarty and his girlfriend into a little box, complete with a simulation for him to live in.
How would you know who’s calling when you pick up a phone (that doesn’t have caller ID)?
“Go ahead.”
“Hello Mr. Riker! My name is Hector and I’d like to talk to you about switching to MCI’s long-distance comm-unit plan…”
“Not again! Damn commarketers!”
Or merely bisexual, with beards.
The holodeck was able to draw upon all of the [non-classified] resources of the ship’s computer, which was much larger and more powerful than Data’s positronic brain, in order to build personalities for its constructs and only had to download what information was needed at any given moment. Soong’s achievement was that he was able to pack Data’s capabilities into a package the size of a human brain, and make him sentient. Remember that Data still had to access the ship’s computer quite often to obtain information he didn’t already know.
The famous Deflector Dish! Basically the high-tech equivalent of a train’s cow pusher. You’re correct - the deflector dish projects a cone-shaped force field far in front of the ship to push aside debris, as opposed to the shields, which form a rough sphere around the entire ship.
See my answer to silenus. The deflector dish indeed had a standard function that it performed when Geordi wasn’t rerouting things through it 
It wouldn’t interfere with transporters as it didn’t surround the entire ship.
From the Star Trek: The Next Generation Technical Manual, page 92:
Also, while it’s not specifically mentioned in the Technical Manual, <fanwanking ahead> it would not surprise me to learn that all of the senior officers were on each other’s “speed dial” - so that as soon as the computer determines that one of them is opening communications it opens channels to all of the other officers, and then shuts down the unneeded channels as soon as the specific recipient’s name is spoken. So they would all hear “Picard to Riker” in real time, but once “Riker” is spoken only Riker’s channel would remain open. I recall plenty of calls, like “Picard to Astrophysics”, where there was a slight delay before somebody in Astrophyics answered.
There was an attempt to cover that hole with a throwaway line about beaming down heater units, causing them to duplicate and fail to function. Of course, that’s still ridiculous – if duplicates can’t perform such basic energy conversion, the transporter duplicates of Kirk should have dropped dead immediately – but at least they thought of it.