How would war change a group of people?
Immune systems get stronger to deal with infections from injuries?
I believe our skulls got thicker due to human on human violence. But that took a long time.
The OP is giving examples of moths and birds. Doesn’t sound like human evolution is the focus of the inquiry. Moth and bird life cycles may be short enough to demonstrate a change, while human life spans are too long.
I’ve heard that the Korean Demilitarized Zone has produced an ecology with no creature large enough to set off a land mine. Don’t know if it’s become part of the genetic code of the animals.
Assuming you are not just using the analogy ‘thicker skulls’ = stupider humans, then demonstrably not true. Also the selective pressure would only be relevant when humans sought to only kill each other by clunking each others’ heads. Sadly most humans know many more ways of being fatally violent to each other.
The only examples I can think of that might slightly fit the OP are the massive new world depopulation events when Europeans arrived in the Americas and Australia, largely disease-produced losses of indigenous populations leading to cultural collapse. Particularly a lot of land management practices, including land clearing and vegetation thinning that would have caused direct pressure on ecosystems, and perhaps as a secondary influence on specific species suddenly stopped. You see large areas of these lands reverting to nature, which may perhaps reflect an expansion of the genetic diversity of populations of plants and animals that had been kept in check or been selectively targeted.
Yes, a long shot. Its violence but not man-on-man action as much as disease and social collapse, and I’ve no specific species to single out.
Um … you do realize that the Daily Mail is kind of an anti-cite, don’t you? In American terms, it’s much like citing the Weekly World News. Now you have to give 6 legitimate cites to undo the Daily Mail cite.
It’s a lot of work to read an article but next time it’ll help your credibility to do so.
Here is an article talking about the same thing. Hopefully you’ll read that before commenting but I won’t hold my breath.
I’ll be damned. I had no idea of the ongoing fallout of WWI. There are areas still sterilized by arsenic!
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Sounds like a possibility, but most likely they’ll need a lot more work before it’s generally accepted.
Civil wars are an important influence on the killing of elephants for ivory, and killing elephants for ivory is exerting an evolutionary pressure towards smaller tusks (at least according to this article):
Nat Geo: Under poaching pressure, elephants are evolving to lose their tusks
Read the related article about the Iron Harvest. Every year, farmers in Flanders and north-eastern France bring up unexploded munitions when they’re ploughing the fields. They just set them by the side of the road for the De-mining service to come pick them up. :eek: They seem pretty casual about it, and occasionally a farmer is killed or injured by ploughing the fields.
One article I read indicated that farmers sometimes turn up human remains. They’ll stop to examine them, and if they can tell if the soldier was Allied, they’ll call the authorities. If they can tell the soldier was German, they may just plough him back under. 
Nuclear reactor accident rather than war, but there’s been some study on evolutionary consequences of the Chernobyl disaster for local wildlife.
The Korean DMZ has proven to be a boon for wildlife, as it’s a huge chunk of undeveloped land on a very crowded peninsula. I don’t know if there have been evolutionary changes among the wildlife, though.
Pretty much the same thing is happening in the area around Chernobyl.
The Bikini Atoll is also doing pretty well, except for some mutated sharks.
Please tell me that the mutated sharks have developed the power to project laser beams from their heads! 
The one valid example I can think of might be Vikings. Reading the chronicles of the early Vikings, they seemed to have a number of berserker tendencies. Erik the Red, for example, discovered Greenland because he had to leave Iceland in a hurry after going medieval (appropriate) on someone else’s skull. Many of the stories of those days of Scandinavia, Iceland and Greenland seem to be full of this sort of uncontrolled rage behaviour. Maybe this was a side effect of generations of attacking all over the North Sea coasts.
Or, it may just be old folk tales.
There’s actually a number of places where, for various reasons (e.g. national security), development has been totally restricted and nature has come back. They’re called involuntary parks. I don’t think the Zone Rouge qualifies, since it’s so polluted with heavy metals that nature is not really reestablishing itself. The European Green Belt is one of the largest. It’s like the Korean DMZ, only all the way across Europe.
Not due to war, but there are human evolutionary adaptations to environment.
wiki:
Missed edit window:
Since this is the “fastest case of human evolution in the scientific record”, and took nearly 3000 years, you’re not going to find evolutionary adaptations caused by wars in a few generations.
On reading that page on the Euro Green Belt, I noticed this:
This might be something like what the OP is looking for. There may be something similar happening in the Korean DMZ, but we won’t find out until that border is actually demilitarized.