The first thing I thought of when I saw this thread was Dave Foley on Newsradio and Kids in the Hall. Though I don’t know if that counts since he played many characters on Kids in the Hall.
So nevermind.
It was Citizen Kane! Citizen Kane! It was Citizen Kane!
Judd Hirsch “Taxi” and “Dear John”
Richard Mulligan “Soap” and “Empty Nest”
Would Billy Crystal being on “Soap” and later regularing on SNL count - as he mainly played “characters” as opposed too appearing as a skit player?
Valerie Harper “Rhoda” and “Valerie” (wasn’t there some wierd lawsuit between her and the network that kept her name for the show after she left the show).
Tom Poston in “Newhart”, “Grace Under Fire”, and various other good character parts.
Adding to some names:
Kate Mullgrew was Mary Ryan Finelli on Ryan’s Hope. Yasmin Bleeth was her daughter Ryan Finelli and of course was on Baywatch.David Hasselhoff was Snapper Foster on The Young and the Restless. Ted Danson was Tim Conway on Somerset.
Jerry Van Dyke on My Mother the Car. Howard Hesseman was also on One Day at A Time, playing Anne Romano’s second husband.
John Ritter played a recurring role as a preacher on the Walton’s, and also was on the short-lived Hooperman (which I loved).
And how could we forget Kelsey Grammer on Cheers/Fraiser and as Sideshow Bob.
Robart Conrad starred in Black Sheep Squadron and Wild Wild West. He also did Search and Rescue (or something like that), and a few other things that were not nearly as successful.
Connie Sellecca was in both “The Greatest American Hero” as Pam “Counselor” Davidson (later Hinkley) and “Hotel” as Christine Francis.
William Katt starred in “The Greatest American Hero” and later had a recurring role (Paul Drake, Jr.) in the sequence of Perry Mason telemovies.
Bruce Boxleitner, in addition to “Scarecrow and Mrs. King” and “Babylon 5” also was Luke Macahan in the TV miniseries and short series “How the West was Won”. The latter doesn’t quite qualify him for having 3 different roles in 3 different series (as per the link bibliophage posted above) but it was on in various forms from 1976 (as “The Macahans”)-1979