American system of government (for a Brit of little brain)

You said:

Without any qualifier to the “had” (i.e., in the past), it wasn’t clear to me that you understood that there was no mechanism to replace a vacancy in the Vice-Presidency prior to 1967.

Apologies if you thought I was beating a dead horse.

Boris \Johnson shows how well our system works. Thrown out of office for lying to the House

The current mess in UK demonstrates that the parliamentary system is not an elective dictatorship. Starmer failed to get his welfare reforms confirmed despite having a large parliamentary majority. The threat of a back bench rebellion stopped him.

Attempts to implement measures that were not in the manifesto generally fail

Not before his lies led the UK to Brexit.

Margaret Thatcher.

I’m curious, when exactly, in a functioning system, do you think Boris Johnson should have been kicked out of office; before the Brexit vote happened, before article 50 was triggered, in the early stages of negotiations with the EU or before the final negotiations?

If we’re looking for a constitutional system that makes it impossible for a scoundrel or a fool to gain power, or for an incumbent to do things that hurt people, we’re going to be looking a LONG time.

Never have been selected at all.

Good point.