[QUOTE=UncleRojelio]
So, if I showed you an image in a mirror and the same image printed out on paper and stuck to the back of a piece glass, or would be able to tell me which was which by virtue of these “layers”?
(Just asking because I’ve never really considered the question before)
[/QUOTE]
All I would have to do is move my head sideways, or maybe even cover one eye, then another. The virtual image “in” the actual mirror will have the objects in the foreground and background “move” different degrees due to parallax shift, while in the surface image of a print-behind-glass or HD screen they will not. Or if it shows a distinct foreground and background, just attempt to refocus from foreground to background. The mirror will let me, the print/HD screen won’t
Concrete example: I’m looking at my own face in a mirror. Behind me is a bookshelf. I hold the mirror and my head still, close my right eye. Above my left ear I can see the end of the shelf, and on it a box of PainShopPro and the corners of a book I can’t really discern as it disappears behind my head. Remain still and swtich eyes. Now my face shifted slightly, but the shelf is seen to extend farther away and I can see the PDP box, a hardbound copy of A.C. Clarke’s “Greetings, Carbon Based Bipeds”, and a box for PaperPort Deluxe. By changing slighly the angle at which I look at a stationary mirror, I now can see a virtual image something that was “behind” the original virtual foreground.
Also with both eyes open, I try to focus on reading the words “Paint Shop Pro”, and I can’t clearly see the image of my face. Focus on the image of my face, the images in the background go out of focus. The image in the mirror is subject to my eyesight’s natural depth-of-field limits.
Therefore there is virtual distance to that virtual image, in addition to height and width: The mirror provides a virtual image of 3-D space.
ZebraShaSha, those phenomena I describe, when happening in normal line-of-sight, is what is meant by that “we see in 3D”. Depth perception by our brains computing parallax and depth-of-field, plus perspective effects. In 2D, you’d depend on perspective, and that can work quite well – however, anyone who’s seen M.C. Escher’s work can tell you, perspective alone can trick you into “seeing” the impossible. (BTW, what we have is stereoscopic vision; “seeing all directions at once” would be holoscopic vision, I think.)