Auto Wheel Engineering Question

My understanding is that 6-cylinder Mustangs used four lugs, 8-cylinder ones used five.

Some older Renaults used three lugs. Seems to have been the norm in France back in the day.

My '70 Ford Maverick had four lugs. It was the direct descendant of the venerable Falcon.

A buddy of mine had a car with wheels with just one lug nut apiece: a '67 Midget. Of course, the hub and wheels were splined.

I’ve never had a vehicle with lug bolts, but if I did, I’d make a guide pin (or two) by grinding down or cutting off the head on a spare bolt. Thread the guide pin in loosely by hand and hang the wheel on that, then starting the other bolts will be so much easier.

Strictly a matter of cost.
Lug stud / nut:
build hub with hole
buy 5 studs
Press studs into hub
buy 5 lug nuts
Assemble
or
Lug bolts:
Build hub with hold
Tread hole
assemble with 5 lug bolts.

Like I always say, the easiest way to make a million dollars in the car business is save a buck a car and build a million of them.

My BMW that had lug bolts had a tool in the trunk-mounted tool kit that was a rod with the same threads as the lug bolts on one end. You threaded it into the hub on one of the “top” holes, allowing you to place the wheel over it to hang it in place. Then you didn’t have to support the weight of the wheel, just adjust it slightly to get the rest of the holes perfectly aligned while you got the rest of the lug bolts started, then you could remove the tool and thread in the final one.

Here’s what one looks like.