Beignet is the name for fried choux paste. Period. Also crullers.

Yes, but all of those differences happen when someone makes something that isn’t the original but calls it by the same name.

I once made croissants from a recipe using regular laminated pastry dough (no yeast), and the recipe explained that it was a distinct type of croissant, but since I can’t seem to find any reference to it anywhere else I’ll concede that it isn’t common enough to matter.

Unless you’re from Spain, where a tortilla is an egg and potato dish that has nothing to do with Mexican tortillas.

Like I mentioned above, the true Liege-style waffles you’re most likely to find in Belgium are very different from the ones we’re used to in the US. They have a totally different texture, since they’re made from a dough instead of a batter, and they’re often eaten at room temperature without toppings since they have pearls of caramelized sugar throughout. It’s at least as different from what you get at Waffle House as a New Orleans-style beignet is from a choux-based one.

(In my experience, “Belgian” applied to waffles on an American menu tells you absolutely nothing about them. Sometimes it just means they’re round.)