# Bending a copper pipe using ice
**URL:** https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552
**Category:** Factual Questions
**Created:** [January 30, 2011, 9:29pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552 "2011-01-30T21:29:09Z")
**Posts on this page:** 12
**Page:** 1
### Author:  [@misterW](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/misterW)
#### Post date: [January 30, 2011, 9:29pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/1 "2011-01-30T21:29:09Z")
I need to bend some copper pipe to about 90 degrees. I have bent pipe in the past using a torch and a rounded object to bend it against, but I heard it mentioned that one can do this using ice as well. That is, freezing water inside the pipe and then bending it while the ice prevents kinks.
However, I am wondering if there is more to it than that. It seems the ice would break and then perhaps allow the pipe to kink. Somebody on the internet mentioned using a frozen ice/detergent mixture…
Anyone ever used the ice method for bending pipe? I’m curious to see how it works, and upstate NY in winter is a great place to freeze pipes…
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### Author:  [@johnpost](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/johnpost)
#### Post date: [January 30, 2011, 9:55pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/2 "2011-01-30T21:55:33Z")
you don’t need heat to bend just a right angle on a curve.
sand does work with a curve to bend against…
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### Author:  [@Chronos](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Chronos)
#### Post date: [January 30, 2011, 10:16pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/3 "2011-01-30T22:16:15Z")
There are pipe-bending tools with a circular cross-section groove that fits the pipe and is bent around a curve, with a hook to hold the pipe in place and a long lever arm. The sides of the groove prevent the pipe from kinking, since a kink would be wider than the groove.
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### Author:  [@misterW](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/misterW)
#### Post date: [January 31, 2011, 12:36am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/4 "2011-01-31T00:36:21Z")
I’m aware of the sand method and the bending tool method.
Just curious if anyone out there is knowledgeable about the ice method.
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### Author:  [@rbroome](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/rbroome)
#### Post date: [January 31, 2011, 1:08am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/5 "2011-01-31T01:08:16Z")
I have no idea how hard it is to obtain, but check out Woods metal:
> **[Wood's metal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood%27s_metal)**
>
> Wood's metal, also known as Lipowitz's alloy or by the commercial names Cerrobend, Bendalloy, Pewtalloy and MCP 158, is a metal alloy that is useful for soldering and making custom metal parts, but which is toxic to touch or breathe vapors from. The alloy is named for Barnabas Wood, who first created and patented the alloy in 1860. It is a eutectic, fusible alloy of 50% bismuth, 26.7% lead, 13.3% tin, and 10% cadmium by mass. It has a melting point of approximately 70 °C (158 °F).
> Other uses i...
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### Author:  [@Canadjun](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Canadjun)
#### Post date: [January 31, 2011, 1:56am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/6 "2011-01-31T01:56:51Z")
> [@misterW](#):
>
> However, I am wondering if there is more to it than that. It seems the ice would break and then perhaps allow the pipe to kink.
Even if the ice shattered (as I assume it would), it is still occupying the space, is incompressible, and is held in place by the ice around it. For the pipe to kink it would have to be able to reduce the space that the ice is occupying.
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### Author:  [@Surreal](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Surreal)
#### Post date: [January 31, 2011, 6:04am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/7 "2011-01-31T06:04:18Z")
For most common materials (especially very ductile materials like copper) you can bend a full 180 degrees without kinking provided your bend radius is at least 1.5X the OD.
I’ve not heard of using ice to bend pipe but I have heard of using low melting temperature metals such as solder and tin.
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### Author:  [@longPath](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/longPath)
#### Post date: [January 31, 2011, 12:30pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/8 "2011-01-31T12:30:53Z")
I saw a segment on one of thiose “How it’s Made” programs where they showed a trumpet being constructed.
The tubing was filled with soap and water (Quite a thick solution), frozen to =41, then bent in a jig.
Here is a link to the item: [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kh7RrlazaRc](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kh7RrlazaRc)
The bending operation starts at about 3:15.
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### Author:  [@Moonshiner](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Moonshiner)
#### Post date: [January 31, 2011, 1:31pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/9 "2011-01-31T13:31:22Z")
If you fill a copper pipe with water and freeze it the pipe will split.
That’s probably why the trumpet makers use a soap solution. They’re trying to keep it from freezing solid.
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### Author:  [@misterW](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/misterW)
#### Post date: [January 31, 2011, 2:52pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/10 "2011-01-31T14:52:41Z")
> [@Moonshiner](#):
>
> If you fill a copper pipe with water and freeze it the pipe will split.
Even if the pipe is open on one end?
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### Author:  [@busterpickle](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/busterpickle)
#### Post date: [February 1, 2011, 12:27am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/11 "2011-02-01T00:27:34Z")
> [@](#):
>
> Even if the pipe is open on one end?
It can. It depends on how much water and the diameter of the pipe. I had an aluminum lamp post, that water got into, and it split from ice formation on the bottom near the ground. When I looked in the water was only a quarter of the way high.
Different material, I know.
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### Author:  [@johnpost](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/johnpost)
#### Post date: [February 1, 2011, 1:09am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/bending-a-copper-pipe-using-ice/569552/12 "2011-02-01T01:09:25Z")
> [@Moonshiner](#):
>
> If you fill a copper pipe with water and freeze it the pipe will split.
> [@misterW](#):
>
> Even if the pipe is open on one end?
when the water surface freezes it then becomes a closed pipe.