Alright, the idea that satire is always a power play between the weak and the powerful is faulty. It can be attacked in all sorts of ways.
Much of satire is an attack on the tropes and conventions of a society, not directed at any particular people or ideologies. It’s really anything to do with the weak attacking the strong.
Religion is not weak. If you attack religion as a whole, by attacking all religions, as Charlie Hebdo routinely did, then you’re a very weak power in the world (non-religious) against the overwhelmingly dominant power in the world (religious). If this is the case, it makes no sense to say “only religions that are dominant where the cartoon artist lives are fair game”. There is no evidence that I’ve seen presented that Charlie Hebdo was biased or specifically only went after any particular religion, and plenty of evidence that they went after everyone.
Islam in particular are not weak. They are one the world’s most followed ideologies, with well over a billion followers. There are entire states that are effectively Islamic theocracies. That makes it one of the most powerful driving forces in the world. If Charlie Hedbo specifically went after specifically the population of Muslims in France, you could make a case that the strong were attacking the weak. But they weren’t, they were going after Islam in general.
It’s fair game if I satirize, say, conspiracy theorists, alt med nutjobs, or ghost hunters, right? I mean, they’re weak - any particular nonsense is a fringe. But if I use those very same critical thinking skills to go after religion, am I suddenly the mean-spirited power trying to persecute the weak?
Scientology is a very common satire target, and yet their power is minuscule compared to that of Islam. Are you there leading the charge to defend it whenever scientology is parodied?
Anyway, the idea of satire being a power play that’s vulgar when used by the group in power only works specifically if a group that’s oppressing another people specifically goes after them. A satirical work about blacks in the Jim Crow south? Sure, I can buy that as being distasteful and vulgar, and the satire would probably undercut itself. Satire about ideas? Fair game.
I could go on. But basically no, that quote is only valid in very specific situations, not for the whole of satire.