True. While heroin withdrawal can be intensely uncomfortable and painful, it is not fatal. Alcohol withdrawal, and withdrawal from some other drugs such as benzodiazepines, however, can prove fatal.
Alcohol poisoning occurs when one ingests a large amount of (usually) high-proof alcohol in a short amount of time. In doing so, the individual consumes a possibly fatal amount of alcohol before the body can react and display the typical life-saving responses (such as passing out to prevent a fatal dose). When people drink more slowly, the alcohol affects the brain from the higher intellectual areas down. The neo-cortex (new brain) is affected first, altering inhibitions, reasoning, motor skills, etc. The middle brain (emotional brain) is affected next, creating the belligerance, sadness, violence, etc. that we often see when someone is drunk. If the person has ingested enough alcohol, it can effect the brain stem that controls vegetative functions, such as consciousness, breathing, heartbeat, swallowing, vomiting, etc. This is when the person usually passes out. This can be a good thing, in that it may prevent the drunk person from consuming that last drink or two that may prove fatal at that point.
Things progress much more rapidly when the person is “chugging” high-proof liquor. By the time the body begins to respond to the large amount of alcohol in the system, the person has consumed an amount that can, and often does, result in death. Sometimes death occurs when the person passes out and aspirates vomitus (inhales their own puke). But it can occur when the alcohol shuts down the primitive brain and the person goes into respiratory or cardiac arrest. The human body can metabolize alcohol at a rate of only about 1/2 oz. alcohol per hour. Nothing can speed up this process, no matter what you have heard. An amount that produces a blood alcohol level of 0.35-0.40 or higher can potentially be fatal, especially to the non-alcoholic partier. Seasoned alcoholics, on the other hand, build up tolerance over time so their systems can take more alcohol without the overt physical effects of the novice. Some detox units have reported BAC levels of .60 and higher in hard-core alcoholics.
An alcoholic can have a tolerance to a higher alcohol level and still appear relatively normal. My father was an alcoholic and often the only sign that he had been drinking at all was that his nose was red. He was a mean person whether he had been drinking or not, and we never saw him stereotypically “drunk” until resulting liver damage caused him to lose his tolerance. That was when he started passing out, walking into walls, slurring when he talked and falling down. He was about 2 years away from his death from cirrhosis by that time. Most alcoholics develops tolerance slowly over months, then years, of drinking, and many be maintenance drinkers (keeping a steady level in their systems throughout the day), binge drinkers (clean most of the day, week or month, then drinking extreme amounts), “drink-to-unwind” drinkers, “drink-to-sleep” drinkers, etc. There is no one pattern that defines an alcoholic; the probems and consequences that result from the drinking and how the person responds to these defines the alcoholic.
Sorry I rambled here, but I’m pretty passionate about people having some decent informaion about alcoholism. There is a lot of myth, conjecture and misinformation floating around “out there.” Thanks for letting me have my 5 minutes, gang.