Ok, here are some fun facts about Herpes Viruses…it’s a long read, but bear with me.
90% of the population has at one time or another been exposed to HHV1 (Human Herpes Virus 1…the one that causes cold sores) most people build up an immunity and are asymptomatic. Some people don’t, and get cold sores.
Canker sores/mouth ulcers/apthous ulcers, whatever you want to call them ARE NOT CAUSED BY A HERPES VIRUS. The confusion arose because the primary infection with HHV1 can present as gingivostomatitis, with sores on the lips, tongue and mouth. In the days before they could test for the presence of virus, the appearance of mouth ulcers was so similar to that of the mouth sores of primary HHV1 infection that they had no way of knowing it wasn’t caused by the same thing. We know better now. HHV1 can a rare cause of menigitis, especially in the immunocompromised or the very young, it is not something to be dismissed as harmless.
HHV2 is the one that causes genital sores. However if you do the wrong thing at the wrong time you could get an HHV2 cold sore on your lip…or a HHV1 sore somewhere less pleasant. If a woman has active genital sores (HHV1 or HHV2) while in the last few weeks of pregnancy an elective c-section will be performed. Neonates can have very nasty things happen to them if they pick it up.
HHV3 is Chicken Pox (Varicella), which lies dormant in the nerve roots and can flare up again to cause shingles (Zoster). Chicken pox can be very dangerous in a newborn, and if a woman develops it in the days before or afterward the birth, steps will have to be taken to protect the baby with anti-viral drugs. Shingles on the face can lead to blindness (herpetic dendritic ulcers of the eye) deafness and paralysis (Ramsey Hunt syndrome). In most cases, wherever it occur on the body, it’s incredibly painful.
HHV4 is Epstein-Barr, which causes infectious mononucleosis, and has been associated with Burkitt’s Lymphom in the developing world, and Guillame Barré syndrome.
HHV5 is Cyto-megalo virus (CMV). About 50% of us are already immune to it, and will have had an asymtpomatic infectionin the past. It can cause serious problems in the immunocompromised (HIV and AIDS patients, transplant patients, people who have had chemotherapy etc) or if aquired by a foetus during pregnancy. A woman must ACQUIRE her PRIMARY infection during the pregnancy to affect the foetus, having had it previously will not cause damage.
HHV6 causes the mild viral illness Roseola Infantum, Exanthema Subitum or “Sixth disease”, characterised by 3 days of fever and a rash…hence its German name “three day fever”. It’s very common in childhood, and is often mistaken for a cold or teething in infants.
Basically, the bad news is that almost everyone reading this board will have been infected with at least one Herpes Virus. The good news is that for most of us the infection was either asymptomatic or has left us with little residual damage.
“Herpes”, meaning only genital herpes or cold sores is an inaccurate term, implying a stigma around a family of viruses that all of us have been exposed to, and most of has have been infected with.