Simple: The government failed.
For example, Why the Lone Star State Shines So Bright; Can other states replicate Texas’ economic success? Texas, of all places, didn’t allow borrowers to have no equity loans, going so far as to require 20% down. They also didn’t allow people to take out home equity loans greater than 80% of the value.
Two very simple actions that could either be accomplished by government regulation, or by people willingly choosing to do what’s in their own best interest.
But notice what happened in Texas (and Canada) as a result of those two rules: As a result, Texas never had a housing bubble. Real estate prices appreciated much more steadily and slowly than in states like Nevada and Florida and never really turned down. That means relatively few foreclosures, healthier local banks, and a steadier construction sector. Moreover, it means that Texans never got as indebted as citizens in other states.
Simple and effective regulation, but it wasn’t necessary, since people could have willingly chosen to own a house with equity instead of one without. Wanna know why that wasn’t a federal regulation?
Home Loan ‘Predators’ Were In Congress
The Congressional Black Caucus pushed for no money down loans, they actively campaigned and in 2003 “co-authored legislation freeing borrowers from having to put any money down on a home loan, despite evidence such loans pose a higher default risk.”
The government had a financial motif to get people buying more houses. When they ran out of people to buy houses, they lowered and eliminated requirements such as putting money down. The government created and encouraged the sub-prime lending.
But even that wasn’t good enough because banks only had so much money they could lend. So what did the government do? It created Fannie and Freddie to buy up mortgages allowing banks to lend more. You can harp all you want about how they eventually lost market share, but that only goes to highlight how much of the mortgage market they had at the start of the bubble.
The government, very happily, lowered the lending standards, then offered to buy those shitty mortgages. As a result, house prices soared, and with it came speculation, where speculation ultimately leads to bubbles.
But your solution to all this is to then get even more government involvement. In spite of all that we know about the Great Depression, the government did everything in its power to make sure it all happened again.