Thanks for this thread: very interesting.
My great-grandmother was born in Tywerdreath, Cornwall, and with her family (mother, 3 brothers, 2 sisters) emigrated to the United States in 1866 following the end of the American civil war. A group of 20 women and children, accompanied by the male relative of one of them who had been a sailor, joined a group of husbands and fathers in the Sierra foothills of California, where the men had gone to seek work in the gold mines. In California, they were highly valued as “the best hard rock miners in the world,” and I’ve read that the traditional mining culture and practices were changing in Cornwall about this time due to industrialization, with miners becoming just another breed of ordinary laborers in service to large companies.
My great-grandmother was six, just old enough to remember the voyage in a short memoir. They took a paddle-wheel packet, City of London, from Plymouth to New York, where the tall buildings of that noisy city terrified her, as they seemed to be leaning over, about to topple. The family took another boat to Panama, caught a walking-speed train across the isthmus, and then another ship to San Francisco. A ferry delivered them all to Sacramento, a railroad a bit further, then it was stagecoach and finally buckboard wagon to their destination, Soulsbyville, just outside modern Sonora, California
“Cousin Jacks” is exactly what they were called locally (allegedly because whenever one of them got a job he’d ask if another was available for “me cousin Jack,” this according to a book on California history). Pasty cooking contests are still held in the community where they settled, and where I still have distant cousins. Older members of that community retain downstream generational relationships based on those formed among Cornish families of the time, and the Cornish heritage is kept alive and celebrated. They all speak “American” today, of course.
The subject of this thread: “What does the Cornish accent sound like?” has interested me for many years. I can tell you the Cornish accent was considered very distinctive locally in California in the 1870’s and 1880’s. My great-grandfather (a Boston-born Jewish actor who married a Cornish miner/minister’s daughter) wrote about it in a contemporary newspaper piece in Sonora, making a stab at re-creating its sound and casual idiom as a joke. I could make nothing of it from his written caricature, but it was clear Cornishmen and women were quite identifiable locally by their accents – they didn’t sound at all “American” to native-born speakers.
Very interesting comments here.