draw a distinction from vs. draw a distinction between. Is there any difference in meaning?

Agreed, and I suspect the error comes from confusion with the adjective form of the word, as in “distinct from”.

It may be arguably correct to use “from” in constructs like “agnosticism is a significant distinction from atheisim”, but one always draws or makes a distinction between, among, or with things. “From” in such a context conveys the confusingly jumbled sense of having inferred a distinction, as opposed to asserting one.