Efficacy of passive roof vents?

Good information; thanks. Looks like there is an old gable vent on the front of the house, but I can’t tell if it’s blocked or not, and can’t/won’t get up that high to check it. Maybe I can see it from the crawl hole.

Did they explain how that happened? Unless a bathroom vent is open to the attic I don’t understand how that’s possible?

penetrations of the vapor barrier in the ceiling and upper walls. through utility penetrations also.

wow that’s some serious suction.