# Etymology of two rockin' senses of the word "cover"? **URL:** \ **Category:** Factual Questions\ **Created:** [March 30, 2010, 12:16am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279 "2010-03-30T00:16:45Z")\ **Posts on this page:** 20\ **Page:** 1
**Author:** ![The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/6bbea6/32.png) [@The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/The_Seventh_Deadly_Finn)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 12:16am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/1 "2010-03-30T00:16:45Z")
I found this one hard to Google. As a struggling musician (I struggle to carry a tune), I often encounter two specialized senses of the word “cover.” 1. An admission charge to a club, often but not always to defray the expense of providing live music: “Tonight at Crummigan’s: The Titanium Dildos and Buttknuckle! $3 _cover_.” 2. A song made famous by an artist other than the one who’s playing it now: “Titanium Dildos don’t write their own material; they just play Steely Dan _covers_.” Does anyone know the origin of these senses, and is it possible they’re related? This is the sort of question that seems likely to invite WAGs; I’d like to try for some rigor, though, at least at first. (Not that I’m not a notorious WAGer myself.) ---
**Author:** ![samclem](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/s/a9a28c/32.png) [@samclem](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/samclem)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 12:36am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/2 "2010-03-30T00:36:51Z")
_Cover_ to indicate an extra charge for something, is just a shortening of _cover charge_, the earliest cite of which in print is 1921. I can’t say just when _cover_ as a shortening occured. I could look later. As to a band which does a recording of someone’s earlier version, _cover_ is first cited in print in 1981. Are they related–only in the sense that they both contain five letters, which are the same in the order printed. ---
**Author:** ![Biffy\_the\_Elephant\_Shrew](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/b/e47c2d/32.png) [@Biffy\_the\_Elephant\_Shrew](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Biffy_the_Elephant_Shrew)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 12:42am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/3 "2010-03-30T00:42:51Z")
> [@samclem](#): > > As to a band which does a recording of someone’s earlier version, _cover_ is first cited in print in 1981. No way. I knew that term in the early '70s, and I’m sure it goes back at least to the '50s. ---
**Author:** ![Cheshire\_Human](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/c/5f8ce5/32.png) [@Cheshire\_Human](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Cheshire_Human)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 12:44am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/4 "2010-03-30T00:44:58Z")
Edited to read: Other, better, responses showed up while I was writing this one. Pretend I never posted. Add a “hole” on the end of W A, and you got me. ---
**Author:** ![RealityChuck](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/realitychuck/32/195_2.png) [@RealityChuck](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/RealityChuck)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 12:47am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/5 "2010-03-30T00:47:24Z")
> [@samclem](#): > > As to a band which does a recording of someone’s earlier version, _cover_ is first cited in print in 1981. 1981? I remember it from the sixties, and the OED’s first cite is from 1965. The cover charge for a club was named because it “covered” your admission. Night clubs used to have a cover charge (admission) and a minimum (the minimum number of drinks you were required to buy). Thus, a $10 cover charge and a two-drink minimum. Some places had minimums only and some only had cover charges. Now, the minimum is rare. As for songs, the original OED definition was for a song released to compete with another song (in the 50s, white acts would cover R&B songs, putting out versions for white teens that often outsold the originals). ---
**Author:** ![samclem](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/s/a9a28c/32.png) [@samclem](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/samclem)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 1:56am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/6 "2010-03-30T01:56:22Z")
> [@samclem](#): > > As to a band which does a recording of someone’s earlier version, _cover_ is first cited in print in 1981. > [@RealityChuck](#): > > 1981? I remember it from the sixties, and the OED’s first cite is from 1965. > > As for songs, the original OED definition was for a song released to compete with another song (in the 50s, white acts would cover R&B songs, putting out versions for white teens that often outsold the originals). I screwed up when I posted. I knew that, but stupidly cut and pasted something. 1966, unless I read it wrong. ---
**Author:** ![matt\_mcl](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/m/7ab992/32.png) [@matt\_mcl](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/matt_mcl)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 3:27am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/7 "2010-03-30T03:27:23Z")
> [@samclem](#): > > _Cover_ to indicate an extra charge for something, is just a shortening of _cover charge_, the earliest cite of which in print is 1921. I can’t say just when _cover_ as a shortening occured. I could look later. As for _cover charge_, this comes from a restaurant’s per-person charge that is ostensibly for the “cover,” or place setting. ---
**Author:** ![even\_sven](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/e/dfb087/32.png) [@even\_sven](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/even_sven)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 4:06am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/8 "2010-03-30T04:06:01Z")
Just a WAG, but could a “cover charge” be called that to “cover” the cost of the band? For example, if I was holding a casual party, I might say “Bring your own beer, plus ten bucks to cover the cost of the male stripper.” ---
**Author:** ![Gary\_T](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/g/3ec8ea/32.png) [@Gary\_T](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Gary_T)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 5:13am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/9 "2010-03-30T05:13:57Z")
> [@even\_sven](#): > > Just a WAG, but could a “cover charge” be called that to “cover” the cost of the band? That’s what first came to my mind. Surely “cover the cost of \_\_\_” has been a common phrase for a long time, easily and naturally adapted to a band at a nightclub. Also I would bet that cover charges were first used only when entertainment was offered, not for other reasons such as may be found nowadays. ---
**Author:** ![Gary\_T](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/g/3ec8ea/32.png) [@Gary\_T](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Gary_T)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 5:15am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/10 "2010-03-30T05:15:09Z")
> [@even\_sven](#): > > For example, if I was holding a casual party, I might say “Bring your own beer, plus ten bucks to cover the cost of the male stripper.” How much does the stripper cost for a formal party? 😉 ---
**Author:** ![The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/6bbea6/32.png) [@The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/The_Seventh_Deadly_Finn)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 6:13am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/11 "2010-03-30T06:13:06Z")
> [@matt\_mcl](#): > > As for _cover charge_, this comes from a restaurant’s per-person charge that is ostensibly for the “cover,” or place setting. Which would make it per person, instead of per table… interesting. Makes sense to me, especially if some nightclubs used to charge by the table. I don’t mean this in the snotty way, but… got a cite? 🙂 Also, for the folks who are saying it’s to “cover” the cost of the band: well, that’s true. But surely _any_ money you spend _anywhere_ is to cover the cost of _something_. Why do admission charges get to be called “cover,” and not charges for gas, or appetizers, or lumber, or something else? ---
**Author:** ![The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/6bbea6/32.png) [@The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/The_Seventh_Deadly_Finn)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 6:21am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/12 "2010-03-30T06:21:09Z")
> [@Gary\_T](#): > > How much does the stripper cost for a formal party? 😉 Depends. I got one for a hundred bucks for a friend’s bachelor party, more for tradition than for prurience. It was pretty pro forma; she danced a two song set and was outta there. (Actually, she stuck around and had drinks, clothed, 'cause she was a friend of mine.) You should be able to get somebody for $100 (just to show up) plus $100 per hour of nakedness. Oh wait, you said a _formal_ party. That’s more of a “how much have you got” kind of thing. For example, I think the strippers at that White House state dinner for the prime minister of India made like a grand apiece. But that’s pretty high-end, you can probably get 'em for a lot less. ::d & r:: ---
**Author:** ![Blake](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/b/a9a28c/32.png) [@Blake](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Blake)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 8:48am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/13 "2010-03-30T08:48:06Z")
> [@The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](#): > > Also, for the folks who are saying it’s to “cover” the cost of the band: well, that’s true. But surely _any_ money you spend _anywhere_ is to cover the cost of _something_. Why do admission charges get to be called “cover,” and not charges for gas, or appetizers, or lumber, or something else? It seems the idea is that people usually go to clubs to drink and socialise. That is their primary purpose and many successful clubs never have a live act. When an act is performing, that is a bonus to normal club business. As such it incurs an extra fee to cover the cost of the extra service. In contrast buying lumber or even going to a movie doesn’t involve any extra, unusual activity beyond the norm. However if you ask for your lumber to be sawn into 3’ lengths then you will indeed be charged a fee to cover the cost of cutting. And if you ask for the lengths to be delivered you will also be charged a fee to cover handling and delivery. And if you ask to rent a cinema for a private screening you will be charged a fee to cover that as well. While we still haven’t seen evidence for either of the theories put forward here, i can’t see anything incongruous about a cover charge being a charge to cover the cost of the band. ---
**Author:** ![Spoons](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/spoons/32/3141_2.png) [@Spoons](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Spoons)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 2:11pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/14 "2010-03-30T14:11:04Z")
> [@The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](#): > > I don’t mean this in the snotty way, but… got a cite? 🙂 Not an online one, but I’ve heard the word “cover” used in this sense on shows like _Kitchen Nightmares_. It’s not uncommon, for example, to hear Chef Ramsay ask the restaurant owner, “How many covers are booked for tonight?” He means diners, of course; or, to put it in the sense that **Matt** did, “How many diners are you preparing places for tonight?” ---
**Author:** ![Gary\_T](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/g/3ec8ea/32.png) [@Gary\_T](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Gary_T)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 2:37pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/15 "2010-03-30T14:37:36Z")
> [@matt\_mcl](#): > > As for _cover charge_, this comes from a restaurant’s per-person charge that is ostensibly for the “cover,” or place setting. > [@The\_Seventh\_Deadly\_Finn](#): > > I don’t mean this in the snotty way, but… got a cite? 🙂 > [@Spoons](#): > > Not an online one, but I’ve heard the word “cover” used in this sense on shows like _Kitchen Nightmares_. It’s not uncommon, for example, to hear Chef Ramsay ask the restaurant owner, “How many covers are booked for tonight?” He means diners, of course; or, to put it in the sense that **Matt** did, “How many diners are you preparing places for tonight?” Okay, “cover” is used in that sense, but “cover charge” (or “cover” obviously used as shorthand for “cover charge”)? I’ve never heard of a restaurant having a per-person charge to go in and eat. (If they have a band performing there, that brings us to covering the cost of the band.) Are you telling us that restaurants charge admission to diners? ---
**Author:** ![bibliophage](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/bibliophage/32/7615_2.png) [@bibliophage](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/bibliophage)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 2:52pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/16 "2010-03-30T14:52:09Z")
I found an examples of “cover version” (not just “cover”) from a 1955 edition of _Billboard_ on [Google Books](http://books.google.com/books?id=1RkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46&dq=%22cover+version%22+intitle:billboard&lr=&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=1956&as_brr=0&cd=2#v=onepage&q=%22cover%20version%22%20&f=false). ---
**Author:** ![Little\_Nemo](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/little_nemo/32/3120_2.png) [@Little\_Nemo](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Little_Nemo)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 2:59pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/17 "2010-03-30T14:59:05Z")
> [@](#): > > For example, if I was holding a casual party, I might say “Bring your own beer, plus ten bucks to cover the cost of the male stripper.” The more appropriate term would seem to be “plus ten bucks to uncover the stripper.” ---
**Author:** ![matt\_mcl](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/m/7ab992/32.png) [@matt\_mcl](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/matt_mcl)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 4:26pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/18 "2010-03-30T16:26:14Z")
> [@Gary\_T](#): > > Okay, “cover” is used in that sense, but “cover charge” (or “cover” obviously used as shorthand for “cover charge”)? I’ve never heard of a restaurant having a per-person charge to go in and eat. (If they have a band performing there, that brings us to covering the cost of the band.) Are you telling us that restaurants charge admission to diners? There are restaurants in Italy, for example, that charge a basic fee to each diner, called _pane e coperto_ (bread and cover/place setting). Wikipedia claims that 1920s speakeasies charged a figure called _couvert_ (French for cover/place setting) to guests. ---
**Author:** ![Quercus](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/q/7ab992/32.png) [@Quercus](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Quercus)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 6:23pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/19 "2010-03-30T18:23:15Z")
My vague – and totally unsupported by evidence – understanding was that ‘cover version’ had something to do with being able to put a different (i.e. white) face on the record cover, so as to be able to sell a song to a different (i.e. white) demographic. ---
**Author:** ![samclem](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/s/a9a28c/32.png) [@samclem](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/samclem)\ **Post date:** [March 30, 2010, 11:21pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279/20 "2010-03-30T23:21:21Z")
> [@matt\_mcl](#): > > There are restaurants in Italy, for example, that charge a basic fee to each diner, called _pane e coperto_ (bread and cover/place setting). Wikipedia claims that 1920s speakeasies charged a figure called _couvert_ (French for cover/place setting) to guests. I think the Wikipedia article is rather lacking in cites. The term certainly predates prohibition. The OP, **The Seventh Deadly Finn** asked about “cover” as a charge to get into a club, often but not always attibuted to the music, if any. The earliest use of “cover charge” I could find in newspapers was in 1916. This predates the OED by 6 years. I’ll submit it later. The exact cite is talking about the higher prices of doughnuts in cafeterias in downtown Chicago. > [@](#): > > The lowly doughnut has succumbed to the high cost of living in Chicago. In many of the downtown cafeterias where three doughnuts heretofore could be had for five cents, only two were served today. > The explanation offered for the higher price is that flour and lard have advanced so much that the profits have disappeared. > In addition to the increases in the more staple items at nearly all the higher priced restaurants, a cover charge of ten cents has been add to meet the rise in the cost of bread and butter. Next, a newspaper cite from Iowa City, 1917. > [@](#): > > HOTEL JEFFERSON/Dancing Party every Friday Evening. > Dancing and other entertainment features in the Main Dining Room… All the latest novelties will be distributed as well as appropriate favors to all the ladies. > Light Lunches, Chafing Dish Specialties, Special Sea Food Menu and Soft Drinks will be served to those who desire at popular prices. > COVER CHARGE $1.00 PER COUPLE. [Next page](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/etymology-of-two-rockin-senses-of-the-word-cover/534279.md?page=2)