Expansion of the universe

Can you expand on this? I’d expect that whatever was strong to send the Sun out of the galaxy would also be strong enough to greatly perturb each planet’s orbit.

Unless the object(s) rhat perturb the Sun are very close to the Sun, their effect on a planet will be near identical to their effect on the Sun, leading to a miniscule relative perturbation- and its the relative perturbation that would cause a planet to be stripped away.