Ah - the CBC article says it was a combination “a meticulous review of data and artifacts” from the seabed, high-resolution photos and video, along with sonar measurements.
And the CBC article mentions they had several dives to the wreck, before the winter closed in.
Came to bump this with the discovery of the Terror, glad to see you’re already on it! Who’da thunk they’d find it in Terror Bay?
Some interesting conclusions - “This discovery changes history,” he told the Guardian. “Given the location of the find [in Terror Bay] and the state of the wreck, it’s almost certain that HMS Terror was operationally closed down by the remaining crew who then re-boarded HMS Erebus and sailed south where they met their ultimate tragic fate.”
That answer partly depends on how many the expedition members took with them (for whatever reason - they took some pretty strange things with them (most likely due to impaired judgement from the lead poisoning) when they abandoned the ships) . I haven’t read of any being discovered among the artifacts and bodies that have been found - but I know not all of the expedition members have been accounted for over the years - although some remains might be found on the ships.