FWIW, I checked and there’s no reason you couldn’t freeze a head in liquid helium, though the handling requirements of the stuff would really complicate matters. It might be much more brittle than a nitrogen-frozen head, though, which could lead to some pretty spectacular shattering.
I was a security guard in a hospital twenty fie years ago and was challenged to kill a bat in the hospital.
I used a CO2 fire extinguisher to freeze it in midair. The poor bat frooze and broke when it fell to the floor.
So…if you were light enough (like a bat) maybe you could be frozen and broken.
In the version of the story I heard, allegedly told by the student himself, he *intentionally *swallowed it–he’d just forgotten that that wasn’t how the trick worked. However, the letter appears to be unverified–a comment on the page by some resident expert points out that our bodies already have a mechanic for releasing expanding gas from our stomachs, or we wouldn’t be able to belch.
This 2000 article from a medical journal shows that stomach perforation is possible after injesting liquid nitrogen. However, note that it says: “We report a case of a 13-year-old boy who developed gastric perforation after liquid nitrogen ingestion. This is a previously unreported complication.” The author of the letter referenced above, on the other hand, claims to be “the first documented medical case of a cryogenic ingestion” in June of '98 (and, as an undergrad, was almost certainly not 13 at the time).
In the process of swallowing, one closes the esophagus as the food is passed down to the stomach. It is very difficult to belch while in the act of swallowing. Belching occurs after the swallow is completed and the gastrointestinal tract needs to equalize pressure. Belch occurs with epiglottis and esophagus open.
I do not know if a swallow-ful of liquid nitrogen warms fast enough to boil enough to cause that kind of gastrointestinal and lung distress.
I doubt this. After all, frozen meat doesn’t shatter in my (limited) experience. To create an extreme juxtaposition, toffee will shatter and then the peices stick together while warm.
I suspect it has to do with fiberous tissue. there are no simple shatter/fracture lines like with ice, when everything is connected by minute fibers to everything else.
Also, considering you can cook something for an hour and it’s still pink inside; I doubt the cold conducts well enough either. You’ll get a crusty hard exterior, and a gooey interior until it’s been cooling for several hours.
This is a needless nitpick. While cold does not technically conduct, in this context it is perfectly apparent what was meant, and it makes zero difference as to the outcome.
It’s not even a valid nitpick since a model where cold is the absence of heat is perfectly functional. There is no reason not to say that cold is conducted. It makes perfect sense.
You could probably come up with a similar model for light, but I can’t think of how it would work.
Could you explain in a little more detail? Could you come up with a similar model for water in which it flows uphill for instance? I didn’t think this was one of those arbitrary things but I’m willing to be learned something new.
I don’t think i could come up with a model where water flows uphill, because water doesn’t flow uphill. As far as the hot cold thing goes, it’s just a mater of conservation of energy. You have a hot body and a cold body, in the end they end up at the same temperature. You can say that the hot body gained cold or that it lost heat.
We do the same thing with electric current. There is nothing flowing in the direction of current. The electrons are flowing in the opposite direction. If you really press the issue you might say that electron “holes” are moving in the direction of current.