# Grammar Question: Name of This Error? **URL:** \ **Category:** Factual Questions\ **Created:** [January 5, 2017, 4:30am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368 "2017-01-05T04:30:44Z")\ **Posts on this page:** 20\ **Page:** 1
**Author:** ![Trinopus](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/2bfe46/32.png) [@Trinopus](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Trinopus)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 4:30am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/1 "2017-01-05T04:30:44Z")
It’s not a dangling participle, but it’s something odd and mismatched, and I’m sure it has a name… “Her warm body nestled next to him, the bed was warm and comfortable.” “Shining painfully brightly, he dragged himself over the sun-scorched desert.” The sentence begins by talking about one thing, but jumps to another, often with amusing effect. What is this blunder called? ---
**Author:** ![IvoryTowerDenizen](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/ivorytowerdenizen/32/17937_2.png) [@IvoryTowerDenizen](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/IvoryTowerDenizen)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 4:48am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/2 "2017-01-05T04:48:44Z")
First one looks like a comma splice. ---
**Author:** ![RadicalPi](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/radicalpi/32/9806_2.png) [@RadicalPi](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/RadicalPi)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 5:11am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/3 "2017-01-05T05:11:51Z")
These are called dangling modifiers. It’s the same sort of idea as a dangling particle, but with something other than a participle. > [@IvoryTowerDenizen](#): > > First one looks like a comma splice. A comma splice has two full sentences joined together with a comma. The first one is not a comma splice, since the bit before the comma has no main verb. ---
**Author:** ![UDS](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/u/ecae2f/32.png) [@UDS](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/UDS)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 5:17am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/4 "2017-01-05T05:17:23Z")
> [@RadicalPi](#): > > A comma splice has two full sentences joined together with a comma. The first one is not a comma splice, since the bit before the comma has no main verb. You can construe “nestled” as a verb, surely? ---
**Author:** ![gkster](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/gkster/32/14107_2.png) [@gkster](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/gkster)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 5:33am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/5 "2017-01-05T05:33:42Z")
A couple of my favorite dangling modifiers: “Flying through the trees, I saw a bird.” This one could be correct, but only if the subject “I” is Superman. “Running to catch the train, my books fell.” It would be great to have books capable of running to catch the train. Here’s Purdue University’s Online Writing Lab on dangling modifiers: [https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/597/01/](https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/597/01/) And a list of examples [https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/CommonErrors\_BestMod.html](https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/CommonErrors_BestMod.html) ---
**Author:** ![Trinopus](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/2bfe46/32.png) [@Trinopus](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Trinopus)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 6:13am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/6 "2017-01-05T06:13:13Z")
> [@RadicalPi](#): > > These are called dangling modifiers. It’s the same sort of idea as a dangling particle, but with something other than a participle. > > A comma splice has two full sentences joined together with a comma. The first one is not a comma splice, since the bit before the comma has no main verb. > [@UDS](#): > > You can construe “nestled” as a verb, surely? My fault; I meant it adjectively. Anyway, dangling modifier is the answer, for which thank you most kindly! (“The candelabra was held by Margot, all of the candles of which had gone out.”) ---
**Author:** ![RadicalPi](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/radicalpi/32/9806_2.png) [@RadicalPi](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/RadicalPi)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 7:37am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/7 "2017-01-05T07:37:06Z")
> [@UDS](#): > > You can construe “nestled” as a verb, surely? You can, yes, and in that case the construction would be a comma splice. I did not do that, I’m not sure why.\* [SUP]\* Comma splice intended.[/SUP] ---
**Author:** ![Nava](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/n/da6949/32.png) [@Nava](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Nava)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 9:07am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/8 "2017-01-05T09:07:14Z")
They kind of look like different things to me: the first one would be fine if it had an additional word, it’s just missing that connector; the second would need a lot more rebuilding. “With her [warm body] nestled next to him, the bed was warm and comfortable”. Warm body could be taken out (I’m hoping she happens to still be alive), but that’s not a matter of grammar. Moving the “with” modifier to the front of the phrase emphasizes why the bed was now warm over the fact that it was. Nestled is a verbal form, but if I’m reading the sentence correctly it’s a participle: an inactive form. If it was the past simple (which for this verb happens to match the participle), then it would be an active form. ---
**Author:** ![bob\_2](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/bob_2/32/3341_2.png) [@bob\_2](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/bob_2)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 10:40am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/9 "2017-01-05T10:40:56Z")
Put a semicolon in place of the comma and it will be fine, except for the overuse of “warm”. _“Her warm body nestled next to him; the bed was soft and comfortable.”_ This makes no sense: _“Shining painfully brightly, he dragged himself over the sun-scorched desert.”_ “He” was shining? ---
**Author:** ![John\_DiFool](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/john_difool/32/19543_2.png) [@John\_DiFool](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/John_DiFool)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 1:06pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/10 "2017-01-05T13:06:43Z")
> [@gkster](#): > > A couple of my favorite dangling modifiers: > “Flying through the trees, I saw a bird.” > This one could be correct, but only if the subject “I” is Superman. > > “Running to catch the train, my books fell.” > It would be great to have books capable of running to catch the train. > > Here’s Purdue University’s Online Writing Lab on dangling modifiers: > [Purdue OWL® - Purdue OWL® - Purdue University](https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/597/01/) > > And a list of examples > [https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/CommonErrors\_BestMod.html](https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/CommonErrors_BestMod.html) [These can often be unintentionally hilarious](https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/CommonErrors_BestMod.html): \*I smelled the oysters coming down the stairs for dinner. She handed out brownies to the children stored in tupperware. I saw the dead dog driving down the interstate. After drinking too much, the toilet kept moving. \* 😃 ---
**Author:** ![IvoryTowerDenizen](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/ivorytowerdenizen/32/17937_2.png) [@IvoryTowerDenizen](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/IvoryTowerDenizen)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 1:36pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/11 "2017-01-05T13:36:17Z")
> [@RadicalPi](#): > > These are called dangling modifiers. It’s the same sort of idea as a dangling particle, but with something other than a participle. > > A comma splice has two full sentences joined together with a comma. The first one is not a comma splice, since the bit before the comma has no main verb. I grade a lot of developing wrong, and a comma splice is something I’m familiar with. Nestled is a verb. Edit: As I now see others have pointed out! ---
**Author:** ![pulykamell](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/pulykamell/32/3166_2.png) [@pulykamell](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/pulykamell)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 2:42pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/12 "2017-01-05T14:42:01Z")
> [@bob\_2](#): > > Put a semicolon in place of the comma and it will be fine, except for the overuse of “warm”. > > _“Her warm body nestled next to him; the bed was soft and comfortable.”_ > > This makes no sense: > > _“Shining painfully brightly, he dragged himself over the sun-scorched desert.”_ > > “He” was shining? For the first, the OP came back to say he intended “nestled” to be an adjective, not a verb. Otherwise, your correction would be correct. It doesn’t make sense almost in the same way the second doesn’t make sense. The phrase looks like it’s modifying the noun after the comma, so it looks like a type of misplaced/dangling modifier. That’s what the OP is trying to figure out. Now, with the second sentence, the modifier is supposed to go with “sun” (although this is a horribly awkward way of writing it, even incorrectly), but the first doesn’t have anything it’s supposed to be modifying in the sentence. As has been said, it’s missing a word: “With her warm body nestled next to him, the bed was soft and comfortable.” So really, I’m not entirely sure I’d call the first a dangling modifier, since it doesn’t seem to be modifying anything. ---
**Author:** ![Earl\_Snake-Hips\_Tucker](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/earl_snake-hips_tucker/32/3269_2.png) [@Earl\_Snake-Hips\_Tucker](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Earl_Snake-Hips_Tucker)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 2:55pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/13 "2017-01-05T14:55:31Z")
I interpreted “Her warm body nestled next to him, the bed was warm and comfortable” as a preceding [nominative absolute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_absolute). No error. No comma splice. You can see a very famous example of a nominative absolute in the Second Amendment: "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. " ---
**Author:** ![Chronos](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/chronos/32/134_2.png) [@Chronos](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Chronos)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 3:38pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/14 "2017-01-05T15:38:17Z")
Except the Second Amendment has another comma in there, too: “A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state,…” ---
**Author:** ![pulykamell](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/pulykamell/32/3166_2.png) [@pulykamell](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/pulykamell)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 4:12pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/15 "2017-01-05T16:12:17Z")
> [@Earl\_Snake-Hips\_Tucker](#): > > I interpreted “Her warm body nestled next to him, the bed was warm and comfortable” as a preceding [nominative absolute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_absolute). No error. No comma splice. You can see a very famous example of a nominative absolute in the Second Amendment: > "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. " Ah, good point. I believe you are correct – that does look like a textbook nominative absolute. ---
**Author:** ![Trinopus](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/2bfe46/32.png) [@Trinopus](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Trinopus)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 8:45pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/16 "2017-01-05T20:45:04Z")
> [@IvoryTowerDenizen](#): > > I grade a lot of developing wrong, and a comma splice is something I’m familiar with. Nestled is a verb. > > Edit: As I now see others have pointed out! Nestled can also be an adjective, which was what I meant. I’m very sorry to have used a bad example! Totally my fault. (Sentence fragment; good device, will be used again later.) ETA (I’d never heard of a nomiative absolute before. I’m making errors I never even knew of! Cool!) ---
**Author:** ![hibernicus](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/hibernicus/32/2802_2.png) [@hibernicus](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/hibernicus)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 8:55pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/17 "2017-01-05T20:55:13Z")
> [@IvoryTowerDenizen](#): > > I grade a lot of developing wrong You what?😕 ---
**Author:** ![wolfpup](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/wolfpup/32/10618_2.png) [@wolfpup](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/wolfpup)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 9:17pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/18 "2017-01-05T21:17:48Z")
> [@Trinopus](#): > > It’s not a dangling participle, but it’s something odd and mismatched, and I’m sure it has a name… > > “Her warm body nestled next to him, the bed was warm and comfortable.” > > “Shining painfully brightly, he dragged himself over the sun-scorched desert.” > > The sentence begins by talking about one thing, but jumps to another, often with amusing effect. > > What is this blunder called? In my view the first one is plainly a comma split. There are two independent sentences, and they either need to be written as such, or separated with an appropriate break like a semicolon or, less formally, arguably an em-dash or an appropriate conjunction. The second example simply makes no sense, though it resembles in form a dangling participle or dangling modifier. > [@Earl\_Snake-Hips\_Tucker](#): > > I interpreted “Her warm body nestled next to him, the bed was warm and comfortable” as a preceding [nominative absolute](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_absolute). No error. No comma splice. You can see a very famous example of a nominative absolute in the Second Amendment: > "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. " I disagree. A nominative absolute is a standalone _ **phrase** _ that is semantically but not grammatically connected to the rest of the sentence. The first half of this comma splice isn’t a phrase, it’s a complete sentence. Look at the examples in your link. They’re not at all the same. The Second Amendment and some of the other writings in the Constitution should not be held up as an example of anything, as in those days they sprinkled commas around like decoration. For example, as noted, there’s another comma after “militia” and yet another one after “arms”, and both are redundant and in today’s writing would be considered unnecessary and wrong. ---
**Author:** ![pulykamell](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/pulykamell/32/3166_2.png) [@pulykamell](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/pulykamell)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 9:24pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/19 "2017-01-05T21:24:40Z")
> [@wolfpup](#): > > In my view the first one is plainly a comma split. There are two independent sentences Except, as noted by the OP, they are not, or at least they are not intended to be, given the OP intended the adjectival and not verbal reading of “nestled.” That said, I guess the ambiguity can lead one to read it as a comma splice. From my reading of the sentence as intended by the OP (which is the way I originally read it, too), it’s a textbook nominative absolute. ---
**Author:** ![IvoryTowerDenizen](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/ivorytowerdenizen/32/17937_2.png) [@IvoryTowerDenizen](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/IvoryTowerDenizen)\ **Post date:** [January 5, 2017, 9:51pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368/20 "2017-01-05T21:51:27Z")
> [@IvoryTowerDenizen](#): > > I grade a lot of developing wrong, and a comma splice is something I’m familiar with. Nestled is a verb. > > Edit: As I now see others have pointed out! > [@hibernicus](#): > > You what?😕 Oh, good lord. :smack::smack::smack::smack: That is almost Guadere’s Law, right? I teach a lot of _developing writers_ (i. e., those who are new to scientific writing). Oy. [Next page](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/grammar-question-name-of-this-error/776368.md?page=2)