[QUOTE=DrDeth]
Sorry no. Got a cite for that? No where does it state your interpretation in the Wiki cite I furnished. Note here in the Wiki cite "Gun control advocates claim this case as a victory because it states that ownership of firearms may be restricted.* Some further interpret the decision to mean one must be a member of a government-controlled militia in order to be protected, although the court did not state this.* Let me repeat that “although the court did not state this.”. Nice interpretation, and others also feel that way, but if you say that SCOTUS thought that way,* they didn’t bother to put that in their ruling*.
[/QUOTE]
Miller can definitely be read as affirming an individual right.
“The Militia which the States were expected to maintain and train is set in contrast with Troops which they [307 U.S. 174, 179] were forbidden to keep without the consent of Congress.” - the Militia is not the military, nor, nor are they the National Guard which States are authorized by Congress to maintain.
“The signification attributed to the term Militia appears from the debates in the Convention, the history and legislation of Colonies and States, and the writings of approved commentators. These show plainly enough that the Militia comprised all males physically capable of acting in concert for the common defense. ‘A body of citizens enrolled for military discipline.’ And further, that ordinarily when called for service these men were expected to appear bearing arms supplied by themselves and of the kind in common use at the time.” - here we see that the Militia is all able-bodied males - if the Militia is the National Guard as some claim, then are all males now the National Guard? Further, they are expected to appear bearing arms supplied by themselves. Seems pretty clear they’re expected to have the right to keep and bear military arms. If the government is not going to supply those arms, then they must be able to purchase the arms themselves.
The quotes from Blackstone and Adam Smith both affirm that the Militia was all adult males. “‘In a militia, the character of the labourer, artificer, or tradesman, predominates over that of the soldier: in a standing army, that of the soldier predominates over every other character; and in this distinction seems to consist the essential difference between those two different species of military force.’” - in other words, the Militia are definitely not professional soldiers.
I mean, the whole discussion seems to support an individual right by giving the historical context that the Militia is all capable adult males, that they are not professional soldiers, and that they must supply their own weapons of military design. By extension, given the forward progress of Society, we can also assume that:
- Women are to be given equal Militia rights as males, and
- The nature of what constitutes a Militia weapon will change (I doubt that the founding fathers intended for 21st-Century Militias to be outfitted with flintlocks).
further,
- Since the National Guard is made up of professional soldiers who are given their own weapons, and whose enabling legislation is elsewhere in the Constitution, the National Guard seems clearly not to be the Militia,
- It seems there is an implication of mandatory, regular training and proficiency which must be shown with said weapons, and
- In fairness, it is possible that the right to keep and bear arms (RKBA) as a Militia may be regulated to those who are capable - this could mean that disabled persons, the elderly, children, criminals or former criminals, the insane, and others may not have any RKBA. It also does not say or imply one bit about any RKBA for hunting. However, restrictions encompassing mental or physical disability, insanity, criminal background, and other disabilities already appear in Federal legislation regarding the sale and transfer of firearms (but for some cases, not possession).
So to me, the whole decision seems to point to an individual right, and the real argument is a nitpick over whether or not a short-barreled shotgun is a Militia weapon or not.