I am surprised that no one has mentioned
York - New York
Melbourne is a UK place name
Leeds - UK, Leeds Alabama
Wakefield - UK, Wakefield Massachusetts
Castleford UK - Castleford Idaho
Actually you might find this useful
New York was actually named after a person, so it’s out. (Just like New Orleans.) York PA fills this slot, so there’s no problem.
Melbourne FL was named after the Australian city, so it’s in. Any more distant etymons (e.g. the British PM that Melbourne, Australia was named after) are irrelevant for purposes of this list.
Have all of them. I have seen that list, as well as similar lists for Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Spain, France, Czechia, and Sweden. But unfortunately, no other countries have such lists, or at least I couldn’t find them.
Too late to edit: It occured to me that there may other US places named Melbourne, and indeed there are. But none on Wikipedia have etymologies.
The German town is traditionally spelled “Hanover” (with one n) in English. “Hannover” (with double-n) is the German language spelling. I understand that is becomes more and more common to adopt spellings for place names that are closer to the local variant (compare Peking/Beijing, Mumbai/Bombay). The same probably goes for the usage of double-n Hannover in English.
The disputed origin of the name Hannover/Hanover is “at the high riverbank”.
Are you interested in names that have been changed? There is a Berlin, Maryland, but that seems to not be named after the city. There was another Berlin that was named after the city but later changed to Brunswick. The name was changed in 1890.
How small are you looking to go? There’s a Jerusalem in Frederick county Maryland that sometimes will show up on maps. Google doesn’t seem to have it listed though. I don’t know if you’ve come across the Geographical Names Information System by USGS, but that might help you at least locate some of them.
I put together a motorcycle tour based upon Indiana Jones and places he’s been years ago. I had a nice list, not sure if I still have it or not. I did pretty much the same thing, looked for cities outside of the US that were also in the US, there were a lot of them, and not all of them have signs even saying the place name.
Someone asked that a while back. I’ve thought about it and decided to accept in some cases. However, let me quote something I said in post #27:
As for GNIS, it’s been around since the mid-90s, at least, and I’ve been using it for various purposes since then. Since it doesn’t have etymologies, it has limited use for this project.
I missed the other post about duplicates. I didn’t know if you knew about the GNIS, but you do. It might, however, make it easier to look up places that might be on some of the old USGS Quads. The Shanghai in WV I’ve been to before, it’s a crossroad. There could be a lot of really small places that do not have signs that are considered places and not listed on wiki. The Jerusalem near Frederick isn’t though I lived near there. There are probably thousands of places that are named after cities that would be impossible to find otherwise.
You probably have Haverhill MA and Heidelberg MN, but I haven’t seen them mentioned.
Will you take Jeddo PA after the Japanese city of Edo?
How are you fixed for Joppa? (there are several)
I shall keep my eyes open for corroborating data about Patna, Bantam and Culloden.
Don’t have Joppa, yet, but that’s because I’ve been deliberately avoiding biblical places except for the biggies (Jerusalem, Bethlehem, etc.). I’ll get to them sooner or later.
I’ve been trying to get this stuff into a Wiki page, and I now have it in some kind of order. I’m pretty sure you can see my sandbox page here: User:Dtilque/sandbox - Wikipedia It’s split up into lists by country, but you can see what cities I already have. There’s lots of work left before it’s ready for prime time, but I think I have almost all the typos fixed.
Hmm… that page has a button for submitting the article. Not sure what happens if someone other than me does that, but I would hope it would reject everyone else. Anyway, don’t hit it; as I said, the page isn’t ready for submission.
There’s Ontario, California which is named after the Canadian province.
Mag-Lite, the torch manufacturers, are based in the Californian one.
I’m only interested in cities, not regions such as provinces and countries or even counties. The list is long enough; I have to draw the line somewhere to keep it halfway managable. So regions are out as are places named for people, even if the people got their name directly from a city (e.g. titles of nobility). This is also why I only want one US place per foreign city.
ETA: I make an exception if a county-sized place has the same name as its largest city/capital, but that’s because the people who named the US place usually didn’t worry about that level of nuance.
Thanks dtilque, that’s a beautiful thing! I gotcher Delft, MN and Groningen, MN right here. Oh, and Breda, IA, apparently named after Dutch Breda by an actual native of Breda!
This is gonna be fuuuuuun. 
Thank Kimstu. They’ve been added.
I’m not surprised there were some from Netherlands I didn’t have. Probably more Belgian ones out there I don’t have either.
So Baltimore is out, because it’s named for the Lords Baltimore, even though they got their title from the place in Ireland?
Brooklyn is named for Breuckelen, Netherlands.
right.
Have that one. If you look on the list I posted to my Wiki sandbox, you can see which ones I have. link.
Found another one from Netherlands which I haven’t added yet: Zwolle
Tarentum is Taranto. Think tarantella.
Tarento is something Japanese.
Thanks Johanna. Got fooled by the spelling of the old name/Pennsylvania town. Usually I catch those kinds of things. For instance, Montpelier VT vs Montpellier France and Upsala MN vs Uppsala Sweden. And of course the Hannover/Hanover thing discussed upthread.
I’ll fix it in my next update.