Historical figures whose fictionalized versions have surpassed them in importance

Allison DuBois
She’s nothing like the character on Medium. She’d written a book before the show came out, and so some people think the episodes were each based on a real case of hers, but nothing could be further from the truth, and the Phoenix police have gone on record as saying she’s never helped them.

She’s also a rightwing nutjob who brags about carrying a gun (you’d think she’d worry about killing someone, since she believes in ghosts, but whatever), and claims that because she can talk to the dead she knows there are no innocent people on death rows.

She can’t open her mouth without saying something wacko. I once heard someone call her “the thinking man’s Jenny McCarthy.” I’m not sure if I quite follow that, but she’s got lots of crazy where Jenny McCarthy has plain old dumb; they have in common the fact that you hate them more each time you hear them say something.

Are you seriously suggesting that the Buddha has had more influence via Hesse’s book than otherwise, that without Hesse he would be “just be a footnote in history”? (Or doesn’t Asian history count?)

I appreciate the more in depth explanations of choices! Very interesting to read about.

Salieri is another great example of this, I think. Thanks for mentioning him. Basically had no impact whatsoever but now everyone is familiar of him and his music even gets played by serious orchestras because of the fictional and completely inaccurate version of him in the movie.

Joan, whose visions may well have been due to mental illness, never fought in any battles herself. She was probably more of an inspirational mascot for the French forces than an actual commander. She did quickly become legendary, however, and the legendary Joan has inspired many fictional depictions.

He’s known today mainly through Werner Herzog’s movie, Aguirre the Wrath of God, which is highly fictionalized.

A very minor figure whose saving of Captain John Smith was almost certainly a fabrication by him. Modern awareness of her is due mainly to fictional representations.

Although a significant Apache war leader, his fictional representations in innumerable movies overshadows his real story.

Really? I thought her participation in fighting at the siege of Orleans was regarded as pretty historically reliable.

You can be real AND legendary – e.g. Jesus, Gautama, St. Nicholas, various rulers and founders of different empires, etc. Which is why I brought up noting a divide between straight fictional characterization and popular legend.

Like** njtt** mentions, Hesse’s outright fictional characterization of Gautama is trivial in establishing of the image and influence of the Buddha vis-a-vis the writings and traditions of his followers, even in the West I dare say.

As an actual combatant, rather than just being with the forces?

In any case, the main point is that her importance in legend and fiction was greatly exaggerated compared to what she actually did.

Nicolas Flamel is probably only known at all by most people today because a fictional counterpart of his created The Philosopher’s Stone (or the Sorcerer’s Stone, depending on what market you live in)

In that vein, Ned Kelly (really just a crook, though, props on the armour!) and Harry “Breaker” Morant (cold-blooded killer of unarmed men elevated to some sort of anti-establishment larrikin hero)

Hesse’s Siddhartha was not the Buddha Siddhartha Gautama, but a completely fictional character who happened to have the same first name, was set in the same time period, and even met the Buddha at one point, but otherwise had nothing to do with Buddhism.

I would guess that most of what the average person “knows” about Cleopatra comes from the Elizabeth Taylor film.

And how many knew of William Wallace prior to the release of Braveheart?

Of course Asian history counts, but I’m not very familiar with it. However, I suspect that information about the Buddha is about as accurate as the gospels are accurate regarding the life of Jesus. The Herman Hesse book is what I have read, so it is what I mentioned.

The point was that most of western culture gets its idea about Buddhism from the book, which means that in a large part of the world, a fictional work with the person as a character (however minor) has had more influence than the real person, and that is what the OP is asking.

I knew of him from a Nancy Drew book called The Clue of the Whistling Bagpipes. He’s not a character in the book though, he’s just mentioned as someone important in Scottish history, and in the text of a poem that leads Nancy to some clue of another (It’s been 37 years since I read it). I haven’t seen Braveheart, so I can’t come compare the to. The Nancy Drew book had no need to make the story exciting, and the information was scant, so it was probably as accurate as whatever the source was which was probably something like The Encyclopedia Britannica.

Oh, ok.

Mary.

Vlad the Impaler: Fictionalized as a character named Dracula.

Bram Stoker didn’t actually base the character of Dracula on anything known about Vlad the Impaler, he just borrowed the nickname and location, but other people have picked it up and run with it, notably Francis Ford Coppola, in a movie called Bram Stoker’s Dracula, that bore little resemblance to the book. There was also a TV movie called Bram Stoker’s Dracula starring Jack Palance, back in the 70s, which was a little closer to the book.

The people who made movies and documentaries that continued to over-stress the connection between Vlad Tepes and the fictional vampire, and even suggest anything supernatural in the life of the real Vlad Tepes are the ones actually responsible for his reputation in the modern world.

However, it is true that had Stoker not borrowed the nickname, it’s doubtful anyone but people with Ph.Ds in history could tell you who Vlad Tepes was.

I wonder if Helen Keller counts? Most people know of her only from The fictional account of her childhood in The Miracle Worker, and her autobiography that she wrote when she was in her early 20s, which was serialized for (IIRC) The Ladies Home Journal.

She continued to publish articles throughout her life, but they are hard to find, because she embraced a lot of radical causes, one of the least of which was women’s suffrage. She was a socialist, who thought the US ought to support the formation of the Soviet Union, and wrote extensively on that. People tend to think of her as quaint and a little naive, but she was far from that.

Put it on eBay. Nobody needs two of those.

**Martin Luther King Jr. **has become a legend. In the future he will probably become more legendary, as is the lot of anyone whose good points are officially remembered once a year.

Wasn’t MacBeth based on real life?

Very, very loosely.

Which fictional work do you have in mind?

I think MLK’s image in popular culture is mainly based on the historical MLK, not a fictional representation of him. Certainly he is far better known due to his own historical importance than through any fictional version.