How were the pyramids in Egypt built?

No, that is not the only explanation for these lines. We know that in 1303, an earthquake loosened the casing stones, many of which fell to the base of the pyramid, or were removed for construction of mosques in Cairo. The most likely answer is the lines are the result of damage when the casing stones plummeted down the sides, or when they were lowered for use in buildings in Cairo.

What? What? And What? The pyramid of Giza is stepped? This required extra effort? (Compared to what?) And it weakens the structure? Do you even language?

I said all the forces operating on the pyramid were in the horizontal or vertical planes. If you were right that it was caused by an earthquake making things FALL this would be the VERTICAL plane.

However, it is almost impossible any of these lines are the result of any such damage because this isn’t the type of damage that would result. There could be extensive damage from the slippage of the cladding but instead the damage appears to be nominal. Any pattern to the damage would be perpendicular to the movement (think washboard). No such pattern is apparent.

My best guess based on the evidence is that most of these stones were physically removed by working up the corners and sending them down the relatively smooth side to land unbroken in the sand. Then at the top they worked down still sending stones down the smooth sides. This meant little damage except in those areas hardest hit by the p-wave.

Just out of curiosity, are there any stones in any Cairo buildings known to have come off the Great Pyramid?

cladking, so you know, earthquake movement is generally mostly lateral in amplitude. Tall, loose stacks of blocks are not well-suited to withstand that.

Intermediate steps in construction of machines or structures are always inefficient and require extra effort. Trucks are built on frames because it would be difficult or impossible not too. Building are constructed from the bottom up even though it would be easier to build it differently. It’s just the way of nature; you don’t start with a tree, you start with an acorn. If they built steps then it’s a virtual certainty that these steps were needed for construction. And they must have started at the bottom.

There are no alternatives to the simple fact that they could only lift the building material in increments of 81’ 3". Perhaps their ray guns had a range of only 81’ 3" or perhaps their ropes were limited to this. But the best bet is they pulled the stones up 81’ 3" one step at a time. This is simple fact.

No such stones are known but no concerted effort has ever been made to find them to my knowledge. The biggest problem is identification.

I believe this is called the p-wave. Some soils can get a pretty good up and down movement too and this is likely what moved the stones on the top of G2. It appears these stones were too risky to move soi they just left them.

I disagree. Stones weighing several tons sliding down the face of the pyramid would definitely make VERTICAL lines. It’s simple logic.

I was asking Fear Itself, who seems to *know *something about the subject.

This from the guy claiming vertical lines down the sides were not caused by blocks of rock sliding down to the ground.

Large, heavy things falling to the ground tend to take the most directly vertical path available to them. This wisdom was known to the ancients as well.

Casing stone from the Great Pyramid, in the British Museum.

Well, they did invent beer…

I apologize-They were god-like beings!

Thank you! I’ve been curious about those doggone vertical lines from the very outset of this thread!

No.

Stones won’t “slide down” the uncladded pyramid side. They would bounce down leaving points of damage. Given enough points and they would begin forming a washboard pattern.

Obviously people are forgetting the reality here.

These grooves and lines can not possibly be made by stones falling:

They look just like falling stone lines to me. And the most pronounced line is under the point of the pyramid, where the greatest number of stones slide the furthest. Of course it would make a line there!

Makes as much sense as your assertion that the lines were from them dragging stone via your magic geyser machine. Personally, I’d say that it could be a combination of something like what Fear says and maybe erosion grooves on a pre-existing scar. Your ASSERTION that it ‘can not possibly be made by stones falling’ is hardly definitive except, as previously noted, in your own mind.

I’m not talking about word soup. I’m talking about mythologies and religious writings. They’re chock full of nonsense.

When all you have is a hammer, everything looks like a nail. The statement you have made here sounds like it’s exactly the same thing that mechanical engineers and architects do when they become creationists - applying their own discipline to a foreign domain and arriving very neatly at the wrong conclusion.

It would only be possible to wear those grooves in the pyramid if the pyramid was already there. If the pyramid is already there, why would you drag more stones up it?

There wouldn’t be a lot of room for more stones at the apex anyway. Unless the point was to get the stone up there, pop a few beers, say “Hey, watch this!”, give them a shove down the other side, and say “Shit, that was a blast, let’s do it again!”

Bowling for pharaohs!!