Scrotum lumps are a common cause of referral to a urologist. Many are benign. If you’re that worried, get it checked. If you aren’t that worried or do your own doctorin’, read on. You should consider all the diagnoses below.
Testicular torsion – twisting of the spermatic cord, cutting off the blood supply. Hurts like hell, and usually pain and swelling associated with minor trauma in adolescents. If this is what you had, you needed rapid surgery within 6-12 hours or your testicle can’t be salvaged. In medicine, you worry about what is important and what is common. This is both, but doesn’t fit.
Testicular appendage – appendix testis and appendix epididymis are fairly common; paradidymis organ of Giraldes and Vas Aberrans of Haller appendages are very rare, aso furgetaboutit. Tender, pea-sizwed nodules near the upper pole of the testis. May see a blue dot through the scrotal skin.
Tumour – in young men 20-40. Hard, non-tender. Benign tumours rare. All testicular masses are considered malignant until proven otherwise. They don’t usually transilluminate.
Epididymitis – sudden onset of pain and swelling. Elevating the scrotum decreases the pain. Voiding is irritating. Fixation of the testicle to the scrotum wall suggests abcess
Hydrocele – Sac of water which can be easily aspirated. Occasionally associated with tumour or infection. If you hold a flashlight to your sack in the dark, it lights up like only a sack full of clear fluid can.
Spermatocele – a retention cyst with cloudy fluid easily sen by ultrasound, or transilluminates with light (see below)
Varicocele – abnormal dilation of the veins; left sided ones occur in one out of six guys. Feel like a bag of worms. If on the right side, more concerning since may mean the interior vena cava vein is obstructed which often takes a tumour or blood clot.
Trauma – what were you doing down there, anyway?
Inguinal hernia – common in males, try feeling around while coughing. Normal bowel movements?
Scrotal edema – inflammation from worms or germs
Summary:
Pain – torsion, epididymitis, inguinal hernia, rapidly growing tumour
Painless – tumour, inguinal hernia, hydrocele, spermatocele, varicocele.
AN ultrasound will settle it, but is most likely one of the celes. Good luck.