# Japan to engage China under the guise of 'big brother'?

**URL:** <https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730>\
**Category:** Great Debates\
**Created:** [May 19, 2014, 2:11pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730 "2014-05-19T14:11:04Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 20\
**Page:** 1

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**Author:** ![iLemming](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/i/90db22/32.png) [@iLemming](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/iLemming)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 2:11pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/1 "2014-05-19T14:11:04Z")

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It sure reads that way:

> [@](#):
>
> _**Tokyo (CNN)** – Nearly seven decades after the end of World War II, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe is expected Thursday to call for long-standing limits on the country’s military to be eased to allow it to come to the aid of allies under attack.  
> Abe’s drive to revamp Japanese security policy comes at a time of rising tensions with China and concerns over North Korea’s nuclear weapons program. But the prospect of a historic reinterpretation of the country’s pacifist constitution has caused unease both within Japan and abroad.  
> The United States, Tokyo’s main ally and the nation that oversaw the adoption of the constitution in 1947, has supported the idea of Japan’s military taking on a more assertive role in the world.  
> As things stand, Japan can only use its military, known as the Self-Defense Forces, to defend itself.  
> Japan eyes new military policy How Japan’s P.M. is shaking things up Obama sides with Japan in island dispute  
> Article 9 of the constitution, written in the aftermath of Imperial Japan’s defeat by the allies, says the Japanese people “forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as a means of settling international disputes.”  
> If, for example, a U.S. ship came under attack in the Western Pacific, Japan would not be able to offer military help unless it was also threatened._

[CNN.com](http://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/15/world/asia/japan-abe-military-policy/)

Seems the Japanese are absolutely itching to put China back in their place and plan to use the ‘big brother’ foil as a means by which to accomplish this. China have been bullying all and sundry around these now well known disputed zones in that region of the world and perhaps Japan backing up the minnow nations could bring back some balance to the Force…? Or will it just make things worse?

What say you: Is an unbridled, resource rapacious, nationalism fermenting China running amok better _or_ is a militarised, historically antagonistic Japan a better outcome for this Asian powder keg?

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**Author:** ![BrainGlutton](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/b/82dd89/32.png) [@BrainGlutton](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/BrainGlutton)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 2:48pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/2 "2014-05-19T14:48:36Z")

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Wait, who is the “big brother” in this scenario?

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**Author:** ![Dissonance](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/d/85f322/32.png) [@Dissonance](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Dissonance)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 3:15pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/3 "2014-05-19T15:15:10Z")

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> [@iLemming](#):
>
> What say you: Is an unbridled, resource rapacious, nationalism fermenting China running amok better _or_ is a militarised, historically antagonistic Japan a better outcome for this Asian powder keg?

What’s the prize for spotting the logical fallacy?

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**Author:** ![Little\_Nemo](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/little_nemo/32/3120_2.png) [@Little\_Nemo](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Little_Nemo)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 3:36pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/4 "2014-05-19T15:36:32Z")

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> [@iLemming](#):
>
> Seems the Japanese are absolutely itching to put China back in their place and plan to use the ‘big brother’ foil as a means by which to accomplish this. China have been bullying all and sundry around these now well known disputed zones in that region of the world and perhaps Japan backing up the minnow nations could bring back some balance to the Force…? Or will it just make things worse?

Seems to me you have a double standard. If China’s trying to bully neighbouring countries (which it is) then China is the aggressor. If Japan is just resisting this Chinese aggression that doesn’t make Japan an aggressor.

And I really don’t see any Big Brother in this scenario. Even if Japan was acting aggressively towards China, it’s hard to picture China - which is ten times bigger than Japan - in the role of Winston Smith.

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**Author:** ![scabpicker](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/scabpicker/32/8268_2.png) [@scabpicker](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/scabpicker)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 4:10pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/5 "2014-05-19T16:10:26Z")

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> [@Little\_Nemo](#):
>
> Seems to me you have a double standard. If China’s trying to bully neighbouring countries (which it is) then China is the aggressor. If Japan is just resisting this Chinese aggression that doesn’t make Japan an aggressor.
> 
> And I really don’t see any Big Brother in this scenario. Even if Japan was acting aggressively towards China, it’s hard to picture China - which is ten times bigger than Japan - in the role of Winston Smith.

I do agree with the first paragraph, but I think that their using “Big Brother” is a reference to the paternalistic order Japan sought with its neighbors before/during WWII, and not Orwell. I’m not saying Japan currently has this goal as a people. There are almost certainly politicians who have that view, but I doubt they’ll be able to bring their ideas to reality.

However, I have been wrong about both interpreting a poster’s intent and international relations before.

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**Author:** ![WillFarnaby](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/willfarnaby/32/514_2.png) [@WillFarnaby](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/WillFarnaby)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 4:24pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/6 "2014-05-19T16:24:16Z")

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Ah, very shrewd move by the US government. Lacking the funds and political willpower to fully engage in an Asian arms race with China, the Empire seeks to rearm its most powerful (and historically belligerent) satellite nation in the region. This way when nationalists in Japan and/or China spark a regional war, the US citizenry will be bombarded with “We must protect our allies!” until the elite get their war and subsequently, their oil fields.

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**Author:** ![BrainGlutton](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/b/82dd89/32.png) [@BrainGlutton](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/BrainGlutton)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 5:03pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/7 "2014-05-19T17:03:12Z")

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> [@WillFarnaby](#):
>
> Ah, very shrewd move by the US government.

So, the U.S. is the “big brother” here?

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**Author:** ![Dissonance](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/d/85f322/32.png) [@Dissonance](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Dissonance)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 6:01pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/8 "2014-05-19T18:01:15Z")

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> [@WillFarnaby](#):
>
> Ah, very shrewd move by the US government. Lacking the funds and political willpower to fully engage in an Asian arms race with China, the Empire seeks to rearm its most powerful (and historically belligerent) satellite nation in the region. This way when nationalists in Japan and/or China spark a regional war, the US citizenry will be bombarded with “We must protect our allies!” until the elite get their war and subsequently, their oil fields.

I take it you pay little attention to foreign affairs, Asia, China, Japan, the size of the US DoD budget or the location of oil fields. The US is currently spending [at least 3 times](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures) as much on its military budget as China, Japan isn’t a satellite state of the US, there isn’t much danger of Japan and China getting into a regional war and if they do it won’t be over oil fields, and you seem to have missed out on the last _seven decades_ if you think Japan is “seeking” to rearm (or _cough_ the Empire is seeking to rearm Japan). Japan has the 7th or 8th largest yearly military budget in the world. In 2012 it spent just shy of $60 billion on defense.

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**Author:** ![Little\_Nemo](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/little_nemo/32/3120_2.png) [@Little\_Nemo](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Little_Nemo)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 6:09pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/9 "2014-05-19T18:09:27Z")

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> [@Dissonance](#):
>
> I take it you pay little attention to foreign affairs, Asia, China, Japan, the size of the US DoD budget or the location of oil fields.

First post by Will you’ve read? He has an unusual perspective on how the world works.

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**Author:** ![Trinopus](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/t/2bfe46/32.png) [@Trinopus](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Trinopus)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 7:31pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/10 "2014-05-19T19:31:30Z")

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> [@Dissonance](#):
>
> I take it you pay little attention to foreign affairs, Asia, China, Japan, the size of the US DoD budget or the location of oil fields. The US is currently spending [at least 3 times](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures) as much on its military budget as China, Japan isn’t a satellite state of the US, there isn’t much danger of Japan and China getting into a regional war and if they do it won’t be over oil fields, and you seem to have missed out on the last _seven decades_ if you think Japan is “seeking” to rearm (or _cough_ the Empire is seeking to rearm Japan). Japan has the 7th or 8th largest yearly military budget in the world. In 2012 it spent just shy of $60 billion on defense.

But, other than that, he had some good points.

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**Author:** ![Der\_Trihs](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/der_trihs/32/233_2.png) [@Der\_Trihs](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Der_Trihs)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 8:46pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/11 "2014-05-19T20:46:52Z")

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> [@WillFarnaby](#):
>
> Ah, very shrewd move by the US government. Lacking the funds and political willpower to fully engage in an Asian arms race with China, the Empire seeks to rearm its most powerful (and historically belligerent) satellite nation in the region. This way when nationalists in Japan and/or China spark a regional war, the US citizenry will be bombarded with “We must protect our allies!” until the elite get their war and subsequently, their oil fields.

Nonsense. China has nuclear weapons, therefore we _aren’t_ going to go to war with them, short of a nuclear exchange. And we wouldn’t have any use for oil fields halfway across the world if our society collapsed after much of its population was killed in a nuclear war.

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**Author:** ![Little\_Nemo](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/little_nemo/32/3120_2.png) [@Little\_Nemo](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Little_Nemo)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 10:08pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/12 "2014-05-19T22:08:24Z")

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> [@Der\_Trihs](#):
>
> Nonsense. China has nuclear weapons, therefore we _aren’t_ going to go to war with them, short of a nuclear exchange. And we wouldn’t have any use for oil fields halfway across the world if our society collapsed after much of its population was killed in a nuclear war.

True. If we’re going to steal some oil fields, we should consider places like Canada or Mexico or Venezuela before we fight China.

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**Author:** ![WillFarnaby](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/willfarnaby/32/514_2.png) [@WillFarnaby](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/WillFarnaby)\
**Post date:** [May 19, 2014, 10:20pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/13 "2014-05-19T22:20:53Z")

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> [@Dissonance](#):
>
> I take it you pay little attention to foreign affairs, Asia, China, Japan, the size of the US DoD budget or the location of oil fields. The US is currently spending [at least 3 times](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures) as much on its military budget as China, Japan isn’t a satellite state of the US, there isn’t much danger of Japan and China getting into a regional war and if they do it won’t be over oil fields, and you seem to have missed out on the last _seven decades_ if you think Japan is “seeking” to rearm (or _cough_ the Empire is seeking to rearm Japan). Japan has the 7th or 8th largest yearly military budget in the world. In 2012 it spent just shy of $60 billion on defense.

First google “Japan China oil”. There your ignorance of Chinese-Japan oil feuds will be abated.

The rest of your post is spent being coy or naive about the nature of the relationship between Japan and the US, and fighting a bizarre straw man in which I supposedly claimed the US was not spending much on defense. You also miss the point of the OP which states there is movement afoot to turn the Japanese military into an offensive force, a movement backed by the US government.

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**Author:** ![Little\_Nemo](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/little_nemo/32/3120_2.png) [@Little\_Nemo](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Little_Nemo)\
**Post date:** [May 20, 2014, 12:22am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/14 "2014-05-20T00:22:16Z")

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> [@WillFarnaby](#):
>
> The rest of your post is spent being coy or naive about the nature of the relationship between Japan and the US, and fighting a bizarre straw man in which I supposedly claimed the US was not spending much on defense. You also miss the point of the OP which states there is movement afoot to turn the Japanese military into an offensive force, a movement backed by the US government.

It’s the conspiracy point of view we have problems with. Instead of just acknowledging the obvious - Japan is increasing its military to counter an increasing threat from China - you claim it’s a secret plot by the American government to foment a war so the United States can seize Asian oil fields.

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**Author:** ![iLemming](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/i/90db22/32.png) [@iLemming](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/iLemming)\
**Post date:** [May 20, 2014, 1:06am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/15 "2014-05-20T01:06:42Z")

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> [@Dissonance](#):
>
> I take it you pay little attention to foreign affairs, Asia, China, Japan, the size of the US DoD budget or the location of oil fields. The US is currently spending [at least 3 times](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_military_expenditures) as much on its military budget as China, Japan isn’t a satellite state of the US, there isn’t much danger of Japan and China getting into a regional war and if they do it won’t be over oil fields, and you seem to have missed out on the last _seven decades_ if you think Japan is “seeking” to rearm (or _cough_ the Empire is seeking to rearm Japan). Japan has the 7th or 8th largest yearly military budget in the world. In 2012 it spent just shy of $60 billion on defense.

I think you’re eliding the growing evidence of the U.S. ‘outsourcing’ its military expeditions via arming up its allies with compatible equipment (see: JSF, a.k.a. ‘Junk Scrap Flotsam’ program) and using them as, indeed, ‘satellite’ military arms.

It makes perfect sense that Japan are goaded to once again become powerful (actually, they _are_ powerful, despite the misleading appellation of their military – analysts estimate 1-2 months before they could become nuclear capable) and therefore share the burden of corralling the rogue Chinese PLA. It’s definitely a better solution than to have the 7th Fleet floating about over there risking a third world war if some errant ordnance lobs their way; either from China _or_ everybody’s favourite fatty, Kimmy-Jong. With Japan (and others) acting as a sanitary glove for the U.S., even live fire exchanges can be dismissed and placated through rhetoric by Washington without losing face or venturing down a politically unsavoury path of direct involvement.

> [@Der\_Trihs](#):
>
> Nonsense. China has nuclear weapons, therefore we _aren’t_ going to go to war with them, short of a nuclear exchange. And we wouldn’t have any use for oil fields halfway across the world if our society collapsed after much of its population was killed in a nuclear war.

Moot – ‘MAD’.

> [@Little\_Nemo](#):
>
> It’s the conspiracy point of view we have problems with…

The N.S.A. tapping your every communication was a conspiracy too, before Snowden became a celebrity. “WMD’s” as a false flag war with Iraq to settle a family feud was a conspiracy until 100,000 Iraqis were immolated and none of these mythical weapons were found. The Gulf of Tonkin incident was another false flag conspiracy [until McNamara all but confirmed it was…](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0317910/)

Just sayin’.

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**Author:** ![cckerberos](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/c/f0a364/32.png) [@cckerberos](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/cckerberos)\
**Post date:** [May 20, 2014, 3:25am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/16 "2014-05-20T03:25:27Z")

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There’s nothing new here as far as American policy goes. We’ve wanted Japan to have a “normal” military and be more assertive since 1950.

It’ll be interesting to see if Abe can pull this off.

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**Author:** ![Koxinga](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/k/4af34b/32.png) [@Koxinga](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Koxinga)\
**Post date:** [May 20, 2014, 3:29am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/17 "2014-05-20T03:29:44Z")

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Now if the US starts rumbling threats to “unleash Chiang,” now that will be something.

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Little\_Nemo](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/little_nemo/32/3120_2.png) [@Little\_Nemo](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Little_Nemo)\
**Post date:** [May 20, 2014, 5:58am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/18 "2014-05-20T05:58:11Z")

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> [@iLemming](#):
>
> The N.S.A. tapping your every communication was a conspiracy too, before Snowden became a celebrity. “WMD’s” as a false flag war with Iraq to settle a family feud was a conspiracy until 100,000 Iraqis were immolated and none of these mythical weapons were found. The Gulf of Tonkin incident was another false flag conspiracy [until McNamara all but confirmed it was…](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0317910/)
> 
> Just sayin’.

I have no problem believing in evil conspiracies. But this is a stupid conspiracy. History has shown that there are evil people like Hitler and Stalin and Johnson and Nixon. But this is the kind of nonsense we’d get from the Joker and he’s fictional.

The NSA is spying on people? Okay, that didn’t surprise anyone with half a brain. The American government lying to start a war? It’s happened.

If the United States wanted to steal some oil fields, we’d instigate a revolution in Venezuela and then invade. It’s a simple plan, it would work, and we get a lot of oil from there already. It’s an evil plan but not a stupid plan.

But building up Japan so it starts a war with China and then loses the war with China and then we join in on the war and then we beat China and then we take all of China’s oil? That’s a stupid plan. The only people who’d believe in a conspiracy like this are people who can’t face reality and need to have a conspiracy to believe in.

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**Author:** ![iLemming](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/i/90db22/32.png) [@iLemming](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/iLemming)\
**Post date:** [May 20, 2014, 7:42am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/19 "2014-05-20T07:42:37Z")

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> [@Little\_Nemo](#):
>
> But building up Japan so it starts a war with China and then loses the war with China and then we join in on the war and then we beat China and then we take all of China’s oil? That’s a stupid plan. The only people who’d believe in a conspiracy like this are people who can’t face reality and need to have a conspiracy to believe in.

I’ve never even heard of such a hair-brained, Wile E. Coyote scheme let alone suggested it was fact.

What I _do_ believe is that the U.S. have had enough of [China cheating its way into prosperity](http://www.fbi.gov/pittsburgh/press-releases/2014/u.s.-charges-five-chinese-military-hackers-with-cyber-espionage-against-u.s.-corporations-and-a-labor-organization-for-commercial-advantage) and global superpowerdom and is eager to do something about it. And given air craft carriers aren’t the power projecting deterrent they used to be (even China has one now, and will have more soon), what better way to push China back into its overpopulated, polluted hole than to use its neighbours as Israel-esque deputy sheriffs?

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**Author:** ![Dissonance](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/d/85f322/32.png) [@Dissonance](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Dissonance)\
**Post date:** [May 20, 2014, 8:43am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/japan-to-engage-china-under-the-guise-of-big-brother/688730/20 "2014-05-20T08:43:02Z")

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> [@iLemming](#):
>
> I think you’re eliding the growing evidence of the U.S. ‘outsourcing’ its military expeditions via arming up its allies with compatible equipment (see: JSF, a.k.a. ‘Junk Scrap Flotsam’ program) and using them as, indeed, ‘satellite’ military arms.

No, you’re eliding the fact that Japan has had one of the world’s top 10 military budgets for many decades despite keeping the military budget to 1% of its GDP. Japan has been buying compatible equipment with what is state of the art hardware for the US military for decades as well. Japan was buying F-15s at the same time that the USAF was buying them, and before that F-4 Phantoms. They were outfitting all of their destroyers with two quad Harpoon anti-ship missile launchers in the 1980s at the same time that the USN was. Japan was the first foreign nation to use the Aegis missile system. Japan is not “rearming”; they have been quite well armed with state of the art weapons for many decades.

Oh, and the name of the logical fallacy you are using is the excluded middle.

> [@WillFarnaby](#):
>
> First google “Japan China oil”. There your ignorance of Chinese-Japan oil feuds will be abated.

Ah, the google vomit defense. Quite a good start.

> [@WillFarnaby](#):
>
> The rest of your post is spent being coy or naive about the nature of the relationship between Japan and the US, and fighting a bizarre straw man in which I supposedly claimed the US was not spending much on defense.

You don’t seem to pay any attention to what you write or don’t understand what the word straw man means. How else to explain this bolded nonsense you wrote?

> [@WillFarnaby](#):
>
> Ah, very shrewd move by the US government. **Lacking the funds and political willpower to fully engage in an Asian arms race with China, the Empire seeks to rearm** its most powerful (and historically belligerent) satellite nation in the region.

Again, there is no rearming going on. Japan has had one of the worlds largest defense budgets for a very long time, and rearmed _seven decades ago_.

> [@WillFarnaby](#):
>
> You also miss the point of the OP which states there is movement afoot to turn the Japanese military into an offensive force, a movement backed by the US government.

No, you missed that there is no point to the OP. All militaries are by their very nature offensive forces. There is no such thing as a military that is only capable of being defensive in nature. The CNN article conveniently only quotes half of Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution. The full text in official English translation [reads](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_9_of_the_Japanese_Constitution):

> [@](#):
>
> ARTICLE 9. Aspiring sincerely to an international peace based on justice and order, the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes. **(2) To accomplish the aim of the preceding paragraph, land, sea, and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained. The right of belligerency of the state will not be recognized.**

The bolded part is left out of the CNN article; the Self-Defense Forces clearly violate paragraph 2 as they are land, sea, and air forces as well as other war potential and have been since the creation of the SDF in 1954 out of the National Police Reserve which was itself an army of 75,000 despite its name, organized and equipped to maintain order and repel invasion - that is, to engage in war which article 9 said the Japanese people forever renounced as a sovereign right of the nation. The tanks the National Police Reserve had couldn’t of course actually be called tanks; they were “special vehicles”. The constitutional dodge around this that has again been going on for _seven decades_ is that the SDF are by law an extension of the police forces.

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