Your dog will be fine out in the cold weather. If the weather is really cold, like below zero and antartic wind chills, a dog will just rush out to do their business and rush back in. If they bound excitedly outside when you think it’s freezing, you are being a wimp 
If you see him/it picking at his paws, that usually means that they are accumulating ice build up on their pads and it’s time to go in. The best thing you can do is go for a walk with him and get some of that extra energy out of both of you.
Do you have any neighbors/friends who have dogs? My dog plays every day with the neighbors dog and they rush to each others houses when released and bark at the door. It is a godsend, lemme tell you.I use to go for daily walks and throw the ball for my dog, then I had a baby and all doggie/mommie interaction went out the window.
When they (the dogs) can’t play outside due to rain/subzero weather, then I will sometimes have a doggy day care and have the dogs in the basement or garage all day and let them run around in there and gets mine outta my hair. My neighbors and their dogs love this.