Bid’ah - Its Meaning, Aspects, Dangers, And The Solution
The religion of Islam, the religion of Muslims, is based on only one teaching. In other words there is only one ‘true’ Islam. There is no such thing as different versions of Islam or different types or classes of this deen. The true path is only one way which lies under the shade of the Qur’an, the Sunnah and the understanding of the Companions.
As was illustrated by our beloved Prophet ((may Peace Be Upon Him)) and was narrated by Ibn Mas’ud that one day the Prophet ((may Peace Be Upon Him)) drew a straight line on the ground and He said, “This is the path of Allah.” Then he drew some lines to the left and right to it and said, “These are the erred paths and on each of these paths, there is Shaytaan calling to it.” Then he recited the following verse from the Qur’an (which means):
“Verily, this is my straight path so follow it and do not follow the other paths that will take you away from the true path.”
In fact, if we look in the Qur’an, when Allah (swt) describes the truth, it is always described as singular. For example, the word ‘al-noor’ which is singular is used for the truth, as opposed to ‘zulumath’ which is plural. It is a prime example from the Qur’an the clearly shows us that the right way is one way only. Any deviation from the true path is not an acceptable ‘branch’ of Islam but as the scholars call it, is a ‘bida’.
Unfortunately, due to several reasons, the concept of Bida is not as clear to everyone as it should be. A reason for that is a lot of people are confused about ‘good’ bida or bida-e-hasana.
Secondly, there are many things which we do now that were not done at the time of Prophet ((may Peace Be Upon Him)). With the outset of such widespread bida, people are confused, and rightly so, as to what is actually sunnah and what in religion is not sunnah- i.e. bida.
These misconceptions call for the need to establish the fundamental step which is to know bida, the concepts of bida according to Ahl-Sunnah Wal Jamah and the aspects of bida.
Bida, Its Meaning: (Heresy, Innovation)
“Any invented act or path in the religion that is made to compete or resemble the Shari’a and that is followed for the same purpose as Shari’a is supposed to be followed.”
From this definition and from the statements of Prophet ((may Peace Be Upon Him)) about bida or innovation, we can come up with some general ideas or concepts about bida that explains this definition.
Aspects Of Bid’ah:
Some of the aspects or concepts of bida are as follow:
- Every bida is Dalalah.
Linguistically bida is something which is new or something which was not done before, i.e., it has no precedent. From the point of view of Shari’a, every bida is Dalalah and there is no such thing as ‘good’ bida. Prophet ((may Peace Be Upon Him)) said in an hadith, “Kullo dalalatin fin naar (every dalalah is in hellfire).”
Dalalah means to be astray or to be away form the truth. If we look in the Quran, we will see how Allah (swt) used the word ‘dalalah’ or ‘dal’. It is not used for the one who commits a sin or makes a mistake with respect to the deen but it is used for those people who have gone astray form the straight path or who have divided the religion. For instance in Surah Fatiha (first chapter), the word ‘Daaleen’ is not used for mere sinners but it is used for people who have gone astray form the true path, the Christians.
So when Prophet ((may Peace Be Upon Him)) described bida, he used the harsher form of deviation, i.e. dalalah, as he said, " Kullo bidatin dalalah (every bida is dalalah)." He didn’t just say that every bida is a sin or is wrong but in fact it is something much greater than that. It is a misguidance, something that takes us AWAY from the right path.