Well, I guess the question would be how long it takes for evolution to kick in. Dogs have been domesticated a very long time indeed, likely 15000 years at least.
I, also, eat bones. Cooked bones aren’t even all that hard. (I chew up and swallow little bones, like chicken wing tips and lamb ribs. Bigger bones i just gnaw on.) I crack nuts, crunch on hard candy, chew open lobsters, and gnaw on cinnamon sticks, too. My dentist despairs.
I cracked a filling recently. (Not my own tooth.) But the rest of my dental work has all been from decay, not from physical stress.
I observe that my husband’s teeth look ground down, and you can see the inner layer on the chewing surface. Whereas mine are still all tooth enamel. (Except where I’ve had parks replaced with gold. Gold is tough, and let’s me continue to chew stuff.)
FWIW dental fractures are actually relatively common in dogs.
I tried to look up the equivalent percentage in humans, but got bogged down in wildly different figures, possibly due at least in part to different definitions of “tooth fracture” (minor craze in enamel? entire tooth in two or more pieces?) But at least a significant portion of the cause isn’t chewing, it’s sport or car accidents or deliberate blows to the face.
Individual people’s teeth vary a lot in resistance to decay. I suspect they also do so in resistance to breakage.
I had tried to find them too, before sending that post, to the same result. Best I could find was that a surprising number of human dental fractures are incisors in kids.