In Korea, I was told on several occasions that there were no Korean homosexuals. A somewhat more honest person told me that it was very, very rare for anyone to be openly gay anywhere but Seoul.
I’d like to second that even in societies that construct sexual identity differently, there are always exceptions. In Plato’s Symposium, Aristophanes mentions both men who never take a boy lover, and men who never marry a woman. In fact, the party is being hosted by Agathon and his male lover, Pausanias, who seem to have started out as as the boy/man couple, and were said to have stayed together as an exclusive, monogamous couple all of their lives, never marrying. This was considered unsual of course, and in a play by Aristophanes, Agathon is made fun of as a man-woman, or effeminate. But there were no laws against it – it was just considered out of the ordinary and a little funny.
In a 3rd-century story called The Erotes, there’s a portrait of an exclusively homosexual man, and an exclusively heterosexual man, arguing over whose sexuality is superior.
I’m not aware of any actual communities, but I’d be interested to hear about them, ava.
Also, maybe I should address the OP:
There have certainly been cultures outside of the J/C/I tradition that punished homosexuality with death, or that punished it under certain circumstances with death. I think what Christianity added was the concept of sin and eternal damnation.
The historian John Boswell has made a good case that homosexuality was tolerated by early Medieval Christianity, and only got bad in the late middle ages. The historian Byrne Fone (whose Homophobia: A History I highly recommend) argues convincingly that homophobia is at least partly rooted in Roman machismo, and Greek aescetic philosophies (Cynicism, Stoicism, Platonism), which took a dim view of sex and pleasure.