Our first cat Fluffernutter (my 3 year old daughter named him) was outdoors all the time, would disappear for months at a time, return. He lived to 18.5 years of age, had many adventures summarized here before dying of kidney failure. He avoided local predators seemingly without difficulty, though his actions around us seemed suicidal at times.
Our current cat Wowbagger is outdoor/indoor. That translates into about 1-12 hours outdoors, depending on HIS mood. Winters make him all about “nope, I’ll stay in today”, while in summer he frequently refuses to come inside for the night. He’s 12 now, predator of baby squirrels (they overrun and infest our home), which he gifts to us. He’s slow and fat now, and seems to lost his desire to hunt successfully. He’s grumpy enough to discourage local feral cats from claiming his territory. He only leaves our local neighborhood when he accompanies us on walks, and it’s amazing that he’ll trek thru the woods and beach for a mile or so and keeps up.