“2 plus 2 equals five for large values of 2 and small values of 5.”
Physical information, like spin, electric charge, angular momentum etc is definitely trapped behind the event horizon. You can’t reach in and get it.
Then you have Hawking Radiation, which black holes emit. Now ideally you could reconstruct the original information states of the material inside the black hole based on the emitted radiation. Hawking Radiation however only needs 3 things - black hole mass, charge and angular momentum. Since any 2 black holes with the same values would produce the same radiation you can’t say what went into either. Information is “destroyed”.
It’s a paradox and there have been a number of papers developed around resolving or confirming it. My guess is we don’t actually have a sufficiently coherent theory to explain what goes on.