Someone wondered whether the sodomy statute involved gender descrimination.
That is exactly what Lawrence and Garner are claiming, at least in part.
Consider:
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Alice, Bob, and Christie, who are all over the legal age of consent, are in a room. Bob asks Alice if he may orally please her. She consents. Bob and Alice proceed to engage in acts of sodomy. Bob them leaves the room.
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Christie asks Alice if she [C] may orally please her [A]. Alice consents. Christie and Alice proceed to engage in acts of sodomy. They are then both arrested and charged with committing same-sex sodomy in violation of Texas’s law.
The only reason (2) is illegal and (1) is not is because Christie is not a man. Had Christie been a man (and named the more masculine Chris), the act would have been equivalent to (1) and thus legal under the statute.
So there is a basis here for claiming gender discrimination.
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Setting aside the merits for a moment and playing the numbers game:
Bowers v. Hardwick (1986) was a 5-4 decision. Of the current Justices, Rehnquist and O’Conner were in the majority, while Stevens was in the minority. This particular controversy is a new one for the remaining seven Justices. The majority upheld a Georgia statute which forbade all acts of sodomy, but which was stipulated in Court to have only been applied to homosexuals (and only rarely, at that). The Court refused to address the issue of the statute’s constitutionality with regards to heterosexual sodomy, which, in context, suggested that they didn’t see anything wrong with the discrimination.
Ten years later, *Romer v. Evans (1996) * was decided, this time in a 6-3 decision in which all of the current Justices participated. O’Conner switched sides, as it were, and joined with Souter, Breyer, Ginsberg, and Stevens in supporting Kennedy’s opinion. Scalia dissented and was joined by Rehnquist and Thomas. The majority decision struck down Colorado’s “anti-non-discrimination” ammendment which had made it illegal for state or local governments to provide legal protection to homosexuals.
Social mores with regards to homosexuality have changed a lot in the past 15 years. Whether one thinks it is good or bad, that does have a big part to play in Supreme Court decisions. Brown v. Board was decided as the civil rights movement was gaining steam. Roe v. Wade was decided at the same time the ERA was being sent around to states for ratification. The Court often makes its decision to hear a case not just on legal or constitutional grounds, but on the “ripeness” or relevance of an issue to the prevailing social structure. Given the changing social awareness of homosexuality and some of the language in Romer, I am inclined to think that the statute will be found unconstitutional, and possibly by the same majority that decided Romer.
However, I am very eager to find out on what grounds the Court makes that determination. If the Court finds the Equal Protection argument compelling, it could be a major (positive) shift in the application of non-discrimination laws to homosexuals. If the Court finds the privacy provisions more compelling, it could merely remove the government from policing the bedroom (which wouldn’t be a bad thing, but it wouldn’t be as far-reaching as some would like).