Offhand, the only canned vegetables that are worth eating are tomatoes (which are often better than fresh varieties you find in the store, unless you are in season.)
Well, for stir fries, I love buying fermented black bean paste. The stuff I buy is simply sold as “Black Bean Garlic Sauce.” A teaspoon or three in your stir fry will liven things up a lot. It’s awesome, awesome stuff.
Now, during the summer my favorite light, Asian-type stir-fry consists of the following: A pound of Meat (usually chicken or pork), shallots or red onions, garlic, a fistful or two of basil, Thai green chiles or serranos, and fish sauce. (Another variation substitutes an inch of chopped ginger for the basil and adds the juice of two limes). Fish sauce is a bit of an acquired taste, I suppose, but it works wonders for that authentic Thai taste. Shrimp paste helps as well.
Continuing on the Thai thing, you can always get yourself a tub of curry paste: green, red, yellow, mussaman, panang, etc. Just follow the directions on the side of the container. All you need is coconut milk, meat, and paste to make yourself a curry. I also add some fresh ingredients (lemongrass, Thai chiles, garlic, extra fish sauce, Kaffir lime leaves, etc.) to “freshen” things up a bit. Another great use for curry paste is soup. Take a pot of chicken broth, add red curry paste to taste, squeeze in some fresh lime, chopped scallions, noodles, etc., and voila.
Also, if you like spicy stuff, look for any of a zillion different chile-garlic pastes in the Asian grocery. I always love to have these on hand. The best one I’ve ever had–and I don’t remember the brand–was a blend of chiles, garlic, and peanuts. Fantastic.
As for recommending individual herbs and spices, it’s a little more difficult. What kind of dishes are you used to making? For example, I love making my own Indian curries, so I’ll stock up on coriander, cumin, cardamom, perhaps some fenugreek, etc. I always like to have some fennel on hand, too, a flavor I find goes exceedingly well with pork, fish, and certain tomato sauces.
But, other than when I make rib rubs, or Indian/Southeast Asian curries, I don’t use a hell of a lot of spices in my cooking. Most of my flavors come from fresh herbs. In that respect, cilantro, basil, thyme, and mint, are what I use most in my cooking.