Let’s see, Memphis music, on this street corner we have Elvis and Carl and Jerry Lee and all of the other Sun Studio folk, if you go and stand on that street corner you have the new rap singers that seem to be on every billboard around here, and then on that street corner you have all of the old blues players Memphis Minnie, BB King, MUddy Waters, and WC Handy. If you listen real closely, you can hear country coming from the northeast, bluegrass from east and west, and western swing also coming from the west, gospel coming from the south and more blues coming from all over the place. New Orleans blues, Mississippi blues, St Louis blues, Delta blues and maybe some ducks from the Peabody blues as well. All mixed in with some fine smelling barbeque.
Since my hometown was a small town of 2500 people, I’ll have to go with my adopted hometown of Milwaukee…
Violent Femmes
Promise Ring
Citizen King
BoDeans (Waukesha)
Steve Miller
Les Paul (Waukesha)
and uh… Liberace.
Plus, Garbage is from 1-hour-away Madison
Steve Miller, being from Milwaukee, I guess couldn’t have come from Seattle, too, as mentioned by picunurse, eh? Is it common belief in Seattle that he’s a local?
H-town music to me is Screw. I guess I could come up with ZZ-Top or some country if I thought a bit more, but if you ask me about Houston, I’m going to be thinking woodgrain, candy paint, purple sprite and screwtapes.
Despite picunurse’s disparaging comments, Kurt Cobain is a credit to Seattle (please… Jim Morrison… talented?) Of late, though, I’d identify the city with northwest indie rock - the sort of music made by serious boys with guitars who spend a lot of time inside because it’s always raining.
Telemark, when I think of Boston music, I think of Morphine - which I was actually just listening to today.
I’m from Marin. Close enough to San Francisco to count as “local,” I think.
What do I win? 
I’m not sure what association he has with Seattle. It’s also a question of how stringent we want to be with “performers from a city.” In Steve Miller’s case, he moved out to San Fransisco prior to fame. Even the Violent Femmes picked up and left. In any case, the groups I’ve mentioned are from Milwaukee, though I think a lot of them moved to one of the coasts once the music biz came calling.
Isn’t Stevie Guitar Miller a Dallas native?
I’ll always associate Houston with The Top. I need nothing beyond Billy, Dusty & Frank.
allmusicguide says he was born in Milwaukee. Of course, he didn’t achieve any notoriety until he moved to San Francisco.
[Sid Dithers] San Fransiski! Did ya driven or did ya flew? [/Sid Dithers]
Duke Ellington, Marvin Gaye, Chuck Brown, Trouble Funk. (For my home city, not my current location.)
Pittsburgh’s soundtrack is a strange blend of Henry Mancini, Perry Como, Bobby Vinton, Donny Iris, and Rusted Root.
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Rock says Miller was born in Dallas (10/5/43), but also mentions that he attended the University of Wisconsin. This bio says he was born in Milwaukee and his family moved to Dallas in 1950. In any case, he did live in Seattle for some time.
The only one I can think of actually from my city?..shudder…Helix.
Hmmm… home town… the closest where I’m from is a couple cities away, and that was Eric’s Trip. Second closest was a province away, Sloan, and whoever else comes out of Halifax. Oh, and a helluva lot of bagpipe and Celtic music.
Now that I live in Seattle… well… grunge aside, I can proudly claim Assemblage 23. Tom Shear is an awesome guy, too, I spoke to him for a while, and he was pleased to see another East Coaster living in Seattle, since he’s originally from Philly. He said I had made a further trip than he did, but I said I had a feeling he generally travelled further than me when he toured. 
A couple others are Death Cab For Cutie/**Postal Service ** (well, Bellingham, anyway), and I think **Modest Mouse ** is from Issaquah… kinda nearby.
I’m from the DC metro area. Our claims to fame all fall under doom metal and hardcore.
Toronto? Um…
I’ll go out on the proverbial limb and say: Alanis Morisette and the Barenaked Ladies.
I’m from El Cerrito, California, home of Creedence Clearwater Revival.
Maybe, but I’d tend to think Blink 182, Mojo Nixon, The Beat Farmers, or Jewel.