I guess people pay the licence fee out of a sense of moral obligation, or a sense that the law is the law, or, in a few cases, a fear that something bad will happen if they don’t pay it. The BBC is not completely averse to preying on the fears of the latter groups of people, occasionally employing slightly intimidating publicity campaigns (e.g. billboards saying “No. 14 Acacia Drive does not have a TV licence”), and also in the past having promoted what is basically folk-mythology about detector vans and so forth.
I don’t doubt that some detector vans actually exist (they must, or it’d be false advertising); the way they’re used is simply not anything like the urban legend of detector vans roaming all over the country. Mailshotting every address without a license is the cheapest way of doing it, since the vast majority of homes do have TVs - less so nowadays, but it’s still very common indeed.
They can’t just enter your home, but neither can any bailiff collecting a non-govt debt. Just like bailiffs, they can take you to court.
There is also some societal pressure to pay the TV license.
I’ve regularly seen marked license detector vans, they’re really not just a myth. I have been told they’re only really useful in areas with large houses, as they can’t pinpoint a TV very accurately; only to within a few meters, which in a small terrace or flat could be either side of a house boundary.
I saw one last week, in fact.
I do recall seeing one on the street outside my parents’ house, and getting a letter very shortly afterwards (they have no TV), so I do wonder how much it is just a scare tactic, rather than useful detection.
I know two people who have been busted for not having a licence- one was due to a teenage daughter who didn’t know it wasn’t paid letting the inspector in, the other from a student flat where the TV was clearly visible when my friend opened the door to see who was knocking.
Normally though, people just hide it in a cupboard or at a neighbour’s house when the inspectors come round.
I believe they can, or used to be able to, apply for a search warrant (I’m not sure if the police are involved or not in this situation- possibly not- the RSPCA can also obtain search warrants IIRC), but then you do get notice- this happened years ago to my grandpa, who certainly wouldn’t have let them in without reason. He managed to bluff the inspector by claiming the arial was only there because he was too embarrassed to let the whole street know he couldn’t afford a TV… It was hidden in the attic.
I heard stories of students where only one flat in the hall (where the university had granted the inspectors access) had a licence, so everyone passed their TVs along out of the windows into his flat before opening the doors, so the one guy they didn’t search wound up with like 20 of them in there… I don’t care if it’s true, it sounded hilarious.
The ads didn’t have the actual house numbers on: it was more like “6 households in Dolescum Alley have no television licence” My street featured once there were three of them at the time.
The Wiki on UK TV licensing is actually very good - tons of cites. For example, on detector vans:
So it does sound as though the propaganda about TV detector vans actually hunting out individual homes is guff. If you’ve seen some, you’re kinda lucky - it’s like seeing multiple bald eagles.
WRT search warrants:
It seems to me that the TV licensing ads are mostly very successful scaremongering; it’s appropriate that a broadcasting organisation should be so good at propaganda.