# USA in constant war to test out new weapons?

**URL:** <https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749>\
**Category:** Great Debates\
**Created:** [March 1, 2008, 5:26pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749 "2008-03-01T17:26:42Z")\
**Posts on this page:** 20\
**Page:** 2

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**Author:** ![Spoke](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/s/a88e57/32.png) [@Spoke](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Spoke)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 3:57pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/21 "2008-03-02T15:57:18Z")

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The OP is not a Democrat, nor even from the US. But nice try, **Sam**.

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**Author:** ![Ale](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/a/f19dbf/32.png) [@Ale](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Ale)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 4:03pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/22 "2008-03-02T16:03:15Z")

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[QUOTE=jimmmy]  
Having said that, the OP asks if the U.S. causes “constant war” to test weapons true or false. False. That is wacky. I’d love to see someone try to make the case that was even a tertiary cause of a “war”.  
[/QUOTE]

For the record, I agree with this, and the Nazi implications are rather distasteful.

On the other hand, US has pushed the development of weapons that allow for more palatable wars, for example, attack unmmaned vehicles. It`s politically easier to apply the hammer when there`s no risk of having a flag drapped coffin and a caption asking “Why?” on the papers… as if ever.

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**Author:** ![Revtim](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/revtim/32/1042_2.png) [@Revtim](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Revtim)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 4:03pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/23 "2008-03-02T16:03:53Z")

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[QUOTE=Sam Stone]  
Is this what passes for critical thinking in the Democratic party these days?

The U.S. doesn’t need to go to war to test its weapons. They have these things called ‘weapons tests’ which do that. They also have constant wargames, alone and with allies.

Do you honestly think generals sit around going, “Man, that Predator drone sure looks purty! I wish we could start a nice war so we could shake the bugs out of it.” ?

I mean, seriously?  
[/QUOTE]  
I’m not subscribing to the idea that the USA in constant war to test out new weapons, but it’s been my professional experience with (non weapon) software systems that no matter how much you test a system, there WILL be bugs found under actual working conditions. I doubt even a wargame isn’t going to test a system fully, vs uncontrolled, live ammo environment of actual warfare.

And just curious, why the shot at the Democratic party? Was the OP one of the official Dem planks that I have to hear about?

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**Author:** ![Spoke](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/s/a88e57/32.png) [@Spoke](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Spoke)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 4:30pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/24 "2008-03-02T16:30:06Z")

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Besides which, last time I checked, Eisenhower was a Republican.

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**Author:** ![Wildfire\_MM](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/w/f08c70/32.png) [@Wildfire\_MM](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Wildfire_MM)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 6:56pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/25 "2008-03-02T18:56:33Z")

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[QUOTE=spoke-]  
The OP is a little too conspiracy-minded, but I _do_ think Dwight Eisenhower was right to warn us of the growing influence of the military-industrial complex on our government. He considered it a great enough danger to make it the central theme of his farewell address in 1961. [Here’s the text of that speech.](http://coursesa.matrix.msu.edu/~hst306/documents/indust.html) And here’s the crux of it:

The excellent documentary [Why We Fight](http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0436971/) takes a look at the power of the weapons industry in lobbying our government.  
[/QUOTE]

I’ve see it several times, I have it on DVD

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**Author:** ![BrainGlutton](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/b/82dd89/32.png) [@BrainGlutton](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/BrainGlutton)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 9:35pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/26 "2008-03-02T21:35:31Z")

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[QUOTE=Ale]  
I´ve always seen the US military industry as a big, fat socialist program…

_Pause as conservatives unhinge._

As I see things a huge industry is being fed, mainly, for the purpose of not having to lay off the workforce and face the political concequences of an angry mob of Joe Bombmakers.  
So the powers that be keep shoveling money into it to keep prospective voters well fed and happy.  
In other words a welfare system to keep the weapon manufacturers out of the streets.  
[/QUOTE]

I don’t think the number of American workers involved in the arms industry is large enough to support such a calculus. I.e., it would mean no significant social upheaval if all were laid off.

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**Author:** ![gonzomax](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/g/e8c25b/32.png) [@gonzomax](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/gonzomax)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 10:14pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/27 "2008-03-02T22:14:25Z")

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[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=\_sOIe5Ql0v8](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_sOIe5Ql0v8) Ben Cohen explains the “defense spendiing”

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**Author:** ![Spoke](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/s/a88e57/32.png) [@Spoke](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Spoke)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 10:23pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/28 "2008-03-02T22:23:59Z")

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[QUOTE=BrainGlutton]  
I don’t think the number of American workers involved in the arms industry is large enough to support such a calculus. I.e., it would mean no significant social upheaval if all were laid off.  
[/QUOTE]

[As of 2002, the defense industry employed some 3 million Americans (_excluding_ military personnel).](http://www.powells.com/biblio?show=TRADE%20PAPER:NEW:9780743255127:11.00&page=excerpt)

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**Author:** ![smiling\_bandit](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/s/e9a140/32.png) [@smiling\_bandit](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/smiling_bandit)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 10:30pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/29 "2008-03-02T22:30:39Z")

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[QUOTE=spoke-]  
[As of 2002, the defense industry employed some 3 million Americans (_excluding_ military personnel).](http://www.powells.com/biblio?show=TRADE%20PAPER:NEW:9780743255127:11.00&page=excerpt)  
[/QUOTE]

Without some more information about his sources, that’s not a very reliable figure. It’s awfully nice and round.

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**Author:** ![Cisco](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/c/ccd318/32.png) [@Cisco](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Cisco)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 10:38pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/30 "2008-03-02T22:38:00Z")

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[QUOTE=Sam Stone]  
Is this what passes for critical thinking in the Democratic party these days?

The U.S. doesn’t need to go to war to test its weapons. They have these things called ‘weapons tests’ which do that. They also have constant wargames, alone and with allies.

Do you honestly think generals sit around going, “Man, that Predator drone sure looks purty! I wish we could start a nice war so we could shake the bugs out of it.” ?

I mean, seriously?  
[/QUOTE]

I’m what you would probably call a lefty and I agree. This is absurd.

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**Author:** ![XT](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/xt/32/456_2.png) [@XT](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/XT)\
**Post date:** [March 2, 2008, 10:55pm UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/31 "2008-03-02T22:55:20Z")

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> [@](#):
>
> this is an acusation that I hear now and then - that USA are in a constant war (more or less) to test out their new weapons

We have test ranges and do battlefield simulations for this. We don’t NEED to do field tests of weapons systems by starting new wars.

Besides, lets see some evidence that the ‘USA are in a constant war (more or less)’. What is your evidence that this is the case. Has the US gone to war more than the historic record shows for past super powers? How are you defining ‘war’ in any case? And what wars do you consider the US to have been in exactly where we are testing out these sooper sekrit weapons or whatever we are supposed to be doing?

> [@](#):
>
> true or false ?

Until I see whatever tortured logic you are using to define ‘war’ and to indicate what supposed wars the US was supposed to have been in (and over what time frame we are talking about) AND until I see some kind of comparison to the historical record I’m going to go with ‘false’.

> [@](#):
>
> If true - how does this differ from the nazis who performed human experiment on people

As an addendum why not ask why all America’s beat their wives?

-XT

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**Author:** ![Wildfire\_MM](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/w/f08c70/32.png) [@Wildfire\_MM](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Wildfire_MM)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 1:04am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/32 "2008-03-03T01:04:12Z")

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[QUOTE=spoke-]  
It’s distressing that Hillary, with her last ad campaign, seems to be fearmongering in chorus with the neocons.  
[/QUOTE]

Hillary will bring with her the ghost of Iraq if she becomes the new president

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![Wildfire\_MM](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/w/f08c70/32.png) [@Wildfire\_MM](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Wildfire_MM)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 1:17am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/33 "2008-03-03T01:17:08Z")

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[QUOTE=smiling bandit]  
Why would the weapons industry care whether or not the military goes to war? You can just as easily replace broken weapons in peacetime as wartime. If you really want to make a killing (ba-dum-ksh) the money’s in the ammo. If you have the power to get the the gov to start wars, you’d just mandate that all the ammo stocks must be shot off in training every so many weeks. Much safer and much more reliable in the long run.

Aside from which, lots of companies, many of which have no connection to the government in most years, instantly became part of the “military-industrial complex” in wartime. There are cloth makers down the road here who got large, pricey cost-plus contracts to operate churning out uniform material. So they do.

Besides which, **gonzomax** , don’t you know who the “neocon’s” are? They’re left-wingers who came over because the Democrats couldn’t handle anything remotely resembling security or military. Most of them were and are very leftist on social affairs. They tend to be academic types, and often atheists. For some reason, a lot of the older ones were (ethnically) Jewish, too. I dunno why.  
[/QUOTE]

I seams to me that many (or some) of those who where far to the left in their younger days have a problem to see clear after the cold war ended. Some of them remind me of those who grew up in a religious sect and didn’t know what to do when the left the sect.

A person named Wolfowitz comes to my mind

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**Author:** ![gonzomax](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/g/e8c25b/32.png) [@gonzomax](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/gonzomax)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 1:20am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/34 "2008-03-03T01:20:33Z")

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I read a couple weeks ago that the peace loving USA has bombed 23 countries since WW2. I think we lead.

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**Author:** ![gonzomax](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/g/e8c25b/32.png) [@gonzomax](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/gonzomax)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 1:26am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/35 "2008-03-03T01:26:15Z")

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[http://members.aol.com/superogue/bomb.htm](http://members.aol.com/superogue/bomb.htm)  
A little short we have bombed 28 in our relentless quest for peace.

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**Author:** ![XT](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/xt/32/456_2.png) [@XT](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/XT)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 1:26am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/36 "2008-03-03T01:26:19Z")

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\<deleted to look at Gonzo’s marvelous cite…\>

-XT

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<div class="post-metadata">

**Author:** ![gonzomax](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/g/e8c25b/32.png) [@gonzomax](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/gonzomax)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 1:48am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/37 "2008-03-03T01:48:43Z")

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Each and every time we bombed ,we used new and exciting weaponry. You were probably not around during Iraq 1 . We showed all our marvelous and exciting bombs ,that were so accurate. Every time we trot out all our nifty killing toys. That is just the way it was and is.  
PS. I do not believe that is why we go to war. But I see some evidence that backs it up. You of course can not.

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**Author:** ![Ale](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/a/f19dbf/32.png) [@Ale](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Ale)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 1:59am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/38 "2008-03-03T01:59:13Z")

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[QUOTE=xtisme]  
Besides, lets see some evidence that the ‘USA are in a constant war (more or less)’. What is your evidence that this is the case. Has the US gone to war more than the historic record shows for past super powers?  
[/QUOTE]

Holding the present US to the same standards as, let´s say, the Huns, Imperial Brittain or the Persians is a retrograd stance, in my opinion.

But that may be just me with my fancy ideas of a progressive civilization.

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**Author:** ![Mister\_Rik](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/mister_rik/32/491_2.png) [@Mister\_Rik](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/Mister_Rik)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 2:13am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/39 "2008-03-03T02:13:32Z")

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[QUOTE=smiling bandit]  
Besides which, **gonzomax** , don’t you know who the “neocon’s” are? They’re left-wingers who came over because the Democrats couldn’t handle anything remotely resembling security or military. Most of them were and are very leftist on social affairs.  
[/QUOTE]

> [@Wildfire\*\*MM](#):
>
> I seams to me that many (or some) of those who where far to the left in their younger days have a problem to see clear after the cold war ended. Some of them remind me of those who grew up in a religious sect and didn’t know what to do when the left the sect.
> 
> A person named Wolfowitz comes to my mind

Citing [Henry “Scoop” Jackson](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoop_jackson):

> [@Wikipedia](#):
>
> **Influence on neoconservatism**
> 
> Jackson believed that evil should be confronted with power. His support for civil rights and equality at home, married to his opposition to detente, his support for human rights and democratic allies, and his firm belief that the United States could be a force for good in the world inspired a legion of loyal aides who went on to propound Jackson’s philosophy as part of neoconservatism. In addition to Richard Perle, neoconservatives Paul Wolfowitz, Elliott Abrams, Charles Horner, and Douglas Feith were former Democratic aides to Jackson who, disillusioned with the Carter administration, supported Ronald Reagan and joined his administration in 1981, later becoming prominent foreign policy makers in the 21st-century Bush administration. Neoconservative Ben Wattenberg was a prominent political aide to Jackson’s 1972 and 1976 presidential campaigns. Wolfowitz has called himself a “Scoop Jackson Republican” on multiple occasions. Many journalists and scholars across the political spectrum have noted links between Senator Jackson and modern neoconservatism.
> 
> Jackson’s influence on foreign policy has been cited as foundational to the George W. Bush administration’s foreign policy, and the Iraq War. Jackson biographer Robert Kaufman says “There is no question in my mind that the people who supported Iraq are supporting Henry Jackson’s instincts.”

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**Author:** ![XT](https://sea3.discourse-cdn.com/straightdope/user_avatar/boards.straightdope.com/xt/32/456_2.png) [@XT](https://boards.straightdope.com/u/XT)\
**Post date:** [March 3, 2008, 2:24am UTC](https://boards.straightdope.com/t/usa-in-constant-war-to-test-out-new-weapons/439749/40 "2008-03-03T02:24:51Z")

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Well, it wasn’t really worth looking at (big surprise there).

Let’s see:

> [@](#):
>
> Korea and China 1950-53 (Korean War)

We bombed China during the Korean War? I must have missed that one. A quick Google search doesn’t turn up much about the US bombing China (other than bombing CHINESE troops who were in NORTH KOREA). Perhaps that is what they meant.

I hardly think Korea would count as an indication of US warmongering as North Korea invaded South Korea, but what the hey.

> [@](#):
>
> Guatemala 1954

Putting in ‘US Bombed Guatemala 1954’ into Google simply shows your cite (and a few similar one’s). My guess is it is referring to [this](http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/US_ThirdWorld/US_Guat.html) :

> [@](#):
>
> In 1954, Eisenhower and Dulles decided that Arbenz finally had to go, and the US State Department labeled Guatemala “communist”. On this pretext, US aid and equipment were provided to the Guatemalan Army. The US also sent a CIA army and CIA planes. They bombed a military base and a government radio station, and overthrew Arbenz Guzmán, who fled to Cuba.

If you have further details about this I’m all ears. This one only seems to be listed on cites for crazy people…but I admit I don’t actually know anything about possible US intervention in Guatemala.

> [@](#):
>
> Indonesia 1958

This one brings a similar list of sites (pretty much identical to the last one) when you Google ‘US bombed Indonesia 1958’. Makes me a touch nervous as you can practically feel the waves of ‘nutball’ coming off some of those cites. Again, I don’t know anything about supposed US bombings in Indonesia during that time frame. They must have been covert and pretty small scale though (if they happened at all…no idea).

> [@](#):
>
> Cuba 1959-1961

Ah HA! Ok, I assume this one [refers](http://www.history.com/minisite.do?content_type=Minisite_Generic&content_type_id=1270&display_order=2&mini_id=1278) to the Bay of Pigs Invasion:

> [@](#):
>
> Summary: In an attempt by the U.S. government’s Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to overthrow the premier of Cuba, Fidel Castro, a covert military operation–known as the Bay of Pigs invasion–was launched with the approval of President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Feeling ever more uncomfortable with Castro’s Communist regime, the CIA hoped to forestall communism’s spread by taking over Cuba–in secret. Top-secret government planning created an army of Cuban exiles to “rebel” against Castro, organized a U.S.-based anti-Cuban group for the sole purpose of taking blame for the uprising, and orchestrated a huge anti-Castro propaganda campaign, including flyer distribution and mock radio stations to bolster anti-Castro sentiment. Over time, the Bay of Pigs operation grew too big for its proverbial britches, and became harder to keep under wraps. To make matters worse, the attack itself was a stunning failure, with the entire CIA-trained Cuban exile army captured or killed by Castro’s army within the first few days. Promised American military support never showed up, and further plans to strike were scrapped almost immediately. The U.S. government prefers now to ignore Cuba, and adheres to a strict policy of isolationism.

So…we funded an aborted invasion by anti-Castro rebels. Not EXACTLY bombing, but I have high confidence that with this one at least SOMETHING military actually happened.

All of this stuff seems pretty small potatoes however when compared to the OTHER superpower of the time, the Soviet Union. But I’m sure we laughed in a much more manic way as we did them so…

> [@](#):
>
> Guatemala 1960
> 
> Congo 1964

Not going to bother with these…why ruin the last success? If anyone had details about the evils the US perpetrated on these two peace loving nations during these time periods let me know.

> [@](#):
>
> Laos 1964-73
> 
> Vietnam 1961-73
> 
> Cambodia 1969-70

Ah HA! Another winner! Indeed the US bombed all three of these countries (though I’m surprised the, um, cite, didn’t try and claim 4 for this…North Vietnam and South Vietnam being separate at the time and all). If we are going without context and simply talking about bombing then that is now 3 (or perhaps 4…not sure about Cuba).

> [@](#):
>
> Guatemala 1967-69

Poor Guatemala! :eek: They have seemingly been bombed by the US back into the stone age in the last 40 years!

> [@](#):
>
> Grenada 1983
> 
> Lebanon 1983, 1984 (both Lebanese and Syrian targets)
> 
> Libya 1986

Yep. Another set of winners!

> [@](#):
>
> El Salvador 1980s
> 
> Nicaragua 1980s

Only did a quick Google search on ‘US Bombed El Salvador 1980’s’ and got a bunch more crazy sites so fled immediately. Again, if someone has details I’m all ears…preferably details from a respected historical web site.

> [@](#):
>
> Iran 1987

No idea. Again, only crazy sites come up when I type in ‘US bombed Iran 1987’. Afaict no one has bombed Iran since the Iran/Iraq war…not even Israel.

> [@](#):
>
> Panama 1989

Another winner.

> [@](#):
>
> Iraq 1991 (Persian Gulf War)

Another example of those war mongering American’s attacking a helpless nation…

> [@](#):
>
> Kuwait 1991

:smack: Um…yeah. Sure. I guess bombing Iraqi military positions IN Kuwait counts, ehe…?

> [@](#):
>
> Somalia 1993

Yup…another hit. Blind squirrels and nuts and all that.

> [@](#):
>
> Bosnia 1994, 1995

Another winner!

> [@](#):
>
> Sudan 1998
> 
> Afghanistan 1998

Clinton was getting busy…but yeah, another winner. This was a classic ‘toss some tomahawks’ situation (I guess cruise missiles count as bombs).

> [@](#):
>
> Yugoslavia 1999

This seemed to have been a NATO incident. But what the hell…they all look alike…

> [@](#):
>
> Yemen 2002

Um…wasn’t that the Cole incident? Maybe some of these are counted if the US is bombed instead? Perhaps New York and Washington DC are on the list to??

> [@](#):
>
> Iraq 1991-2003 (US/UK on regular basis)

Yup…no fly zone and all that. I’m just wondering if we had the UK’s help here or…well, maybe the maker of this wonderful site means we bombed the UK regularly during that period too! :eek:

> [@](#):
>
> Iraq 2003-05
> 
> Afghanistan 2001-05

And yes…we did bomb both countries during that period to.

Even leaving aside the obviously crazy ones (or at least the one’s I either had zero memory of and could find no worth while cite for) it’s a pretty impressive list seemingly. However, based on this criteria I’m guessing we could make an equally long list of, say, France, or the UK…and we could CERTAINLY make a longer list for the OTHER major Superpower of the time. The USSR bombed a hell of a lot more countries than even the extended nutball list…especially if we count any and all covert activity (which I’m guessing were many of those on the crazy folks list).

But wait…there were some bonus ones on gonzo’s wonderful site!

> [@](#):
>
> Iran, April 2003 – hit by US missiles during bombing of Iraq, killing at least one persdon {2}
> 
> Pakistan, 2002-03 – bombed by US planes several times as part of combat against the Taliban and other opponents of the US occupation of Afghanistan {3}
> 
> China, 1999 – its heavily bombed embassy in Belgrade is legally Chinese territory, and it appears rather certain that the bombing was no accident (see chapter 25)
> 
> France, 1986 – After the French government refused the use of its air space to US warplanes headed for a bombing raid on Libya, the planes were forced to take another, longer route; when they reached Libya they bombed so close to the French embassy that the building was damaged and all communication links knocked out.{4}
> 
> Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 13, 1985 – A bomb dropped by a police helicopter burned down an entire block, some 60 homes destroyed, 11 dead, including several small children. The police, the mayor’s office, and the FBI were all involved in this effort to evict a black organization called MOVE from the house they lived in.

I’m shocked…SHOCKED…that New York and/or DC didn’t make the list as well! 😕

-XT

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