The OECD keeps figures on this sort of stuff - Australia has a very high marginal income tax rate (48.5% on incomes over A$60K), but due to its low indirect taxes, it tends to be one of the lowest-taxing nations in the OECD.
There’s an issue of fairness here, too - in that gradated income tax scales are progressive, putting the tax burden on those able to pay, whereas indirect taxes tend to be regressive and put the highest proportional burden on those least able - but that’s another thread.