There was a kind of confidence and sophistication that existed in the 1950s and died sometime in the 1970s (I think it was at its height right up until Kennedy’s assassination).
We were making great leaps in science and technology, including the science of the mind. Yes, Freud and Jung had taught us great things, and we understood how the mind works and how people think. What motivates them.
We could test for anything and get good, valid results. Read The Organization Man (1956) for details.
It certainly seems now that much of Freudianism was bullshit, but I think that another factor has led to its virutual expurgation from the scientific mindset: increased atheism and materialism among the scientific elite. Sure, back in the 50s many or most of them were not religious, but the mindset has gotten harder and more dogmatic since then. Anything that even smells of a belief in the soul, such as a vision of the subconscious or unconscious mind, is hard to tolerate.
Again, it may have been mostly BS, but the way that writers of the 50s and 60s took our great strides in psychology as an aboslute given, and the sophistication with which they described the inner life of the mind and how that affects all our actions as well as society as a whole, really is amazing. It gives the era a feeling of depth.
We don’t have that confidence today. We are become, to put it frankly, a sad and wimpy society. We don’t feel the momentum they felt then. We’re afraid of losing what we have.
Looking at media from the 1950s–books, magazines, records (but not so much movies, which sucked until about 1960)–there really is a whole different vibe to it. Real adulthood. A kind of sophistication that we lack. They drank martinis and watched TV unselfconsciously–it was just the way things were.
Today we have the snark. The snarky attitude is our sophistication. See www.slate.com for references (god I hate the 'tude of that site).