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It looks like the US indeed made an offer (although possibly expecting it to be rejected) and the Soviets mandated that Eastern European countries reject it (apparently to preserve leverage over what was developing into the Eastern Bloc).
Not only was Britain exhausted, it had almost no consumer market to assist in rebuilding th economy, and central planning worked somewhat against it too.
The first step of recovery only began after Marshall aid was eventually accepted, and the slight liberalisation of the economy to produce consumer goods.
Unfortunately the UK economy had a bit of a boom, producing goods of dubious quality, but was soon overtaken by other nations whose idea of consumer quality was very differant to Britains.
The US had a booming consumer led recovery, it was very much able to rework its industries to supply this demand, and its reasonable to think that it actually started during the later stages of WW2.
Britain also had a lot of legacy conflicts, along with involvement in UN actions that cost it more than it could afford.
Britain also had a serious energy importation vulnerability, which seriously damaged its economy during the 1970’s. Although this did impact other nations, Britain seems to have been pecualiarly disadvanteged, probably due to underinvestment in modern plant and machinery - basicaly we were still using WW2 era, and older factories - I can remember working at one place during the 1990’s that still had machines were originally used for making suspension springs for horse drawn coaches. The only change had been the addition of electric motors, and even this was an upgrade from the old factory belt drives.
There are towns even today where some WW2 damage has still not been made good.I can think of a row of terrace houses that have only been demolished perhaps 10 or so years, where a couple of gaps had been left for houses struck by German bombs, maybe 40-45 years after the end of hostilities.