Would ships be more fuel-efficent if they had...hmm..tyres?

If there was anything to make ship engines more efficient it would be already be done,. The battle between steam and diesel engines was the battle of efficiency. Diesel engines are so far out in front of that steam ships are no longer being made. Except Nukes.

The best I can envision would be to have sheets of some material stretched along the underside o the hull, loop over the bow and stern on a rotating cylinder, and duck under the interior body of the ship, where some motor would cause them to move. It’s effectively the same technology as one of those moving walkways they have in airports.

Given muck, seaweed, twigs, barnacles, etc. I’d expect the half-life for one of the bands to be about 12 hours before jamming the first time, even in the open ocean, and tearing completely within 2 weeks.

Maintenance on this idea would be insane.

How about if you stuck the tyres on the upper deck (not in contact with the water) and spun them really fast?

here’s another use, in which such Flettner Rotors ARE in contact with the water:

Fair enough, but all those videos look like they are in nice warm weather, not “get[ting] a running start on ice” and then presumably hoping to find a flat spot or ramp on the other side instead of an ice ledge.