As a child, I grew up on a military base, out in the middle of nowhere in California’s Mojave desert. My dad was a civilian, yet we lived on the base, used base facilities, etc. When the base was established in 1943, there was no significant civilian town/city to act as a support to the base. The base itself was a “temporary” facility, so banks wouldn’t offer mortgages except on very unfriendly terms to the civilians who were hired by the Dept. of Defense to work at the base (it was a weapons design/test facility). So for the first roughly 25 years of its existence, civilians lived on the base in housing built by the Navy for them, using the base facilities (even, for the first decade or so, the post exchange and the comissary!).
Civilians on the base were not subject to military authority. A member of the Navy might be somehow involved in the table of organization for the civilian workforce (there was a relatively unique inter-relationship of military and civilian workforces that to this day remains the backbone of how things get done there), but you didn’t take “orders” from the Navy personnel.
To me, this is an example of what the Enterprise-D is. She’s just China Lake in a mobile, space-faring form. She’s got personnel from Starfleet on board, but she also has just plain civvies. And I’m okay with that, because the UFP isn’t engaged in a war, and the Enterprise-D isn’t a warship.
The fact that the Enterprise-D in Yesterday’s Enterprise doesn’t have families on board because it’s a military vessel simply emphasizes the point. That ship would be more analogous to a forward military base built in the Pacific during WWII, where you would hardly expect families to end up living with whomever got posted there. It’s a complete paradigm shift.
What I think got lost during the show was what effect this has on use of the Enterprise-D. Whenever that ship is headed into what will clearly be a battle, it should leave all non-“military” personnel on the saucer, dump the saucer off out of harms way, and proceed to the battle with just the engine/weapons section. Yeah, there are potential problems with this, but it’s still doable, and was clearly what they were thinking when they put the whole thing together at the start of The Next Generation. But all of that takes precious screen time to accomplish, and I think they just kinda gave up on the concept right away for that reason, if no other.
But to assert, as terentii does, that there is no possible way that this could happen is ludicrous. Maybe YOU wouldn’t do it, but that doesn’t mean it’s inconceivable. Clearly.