Except it’s not a penalty. You were sent in for further diagnostic testing and treatment. Because the diagnostic tests came back negative for any sort of problem, there was no treatment necessary.
My advice: Pay the radiologist and find a new nephrologist. Preferably someone who can tell the left kidney from the right.
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Every health care professional is obligated to do an assessment of their patient. The Radiologist did make a mistake. He didn’t ask a simple question. “Which side hurts?” Physicians, especially referals docs, are busy, and count on the refering doctor to have made a good and thorough assessment. However, if the PMD, as in this case, made a mistake, Doc 2 isn’t off the hook. He made the SAME mistake, by not assessing HIS patient.