You are incorrect and overgeneralizing regarding asking passengers for ID in Texas. This might be true of certain small geographic areas of Texas, bu I’ve never heard of it. IIRC you’re from Houston? Never heard of it happening or seen it happen there.
You stated my point better than I did. In my 2 seconds of thought, I realized that whatever he was looking for, it wasn’t me, and that by presenting my ID, I could alleviate that confusion.
Maybe James Madison is rolling over in his grave because of this, but absent other thoughts, I think I did the right thing.
As you know, according to Hiibel, a person seized must present an ID/name ONLY if they “under investigation”.
What you could have done 1st is to say such as “Per Hiibel, am I under investigation to mandate I provide ID”?
If his answer was yes, then go ahead and show and tell and ask why later.
While ALL persons are seized in a motor vehicle stop, Brendlin, Hiibel still controls.
While a de minimus intrusion to ask is permitted at least under the federal constitution, I have read from other legal boards, a few states do not even permit asking a passenger, absent suspicion under Hiibel.
The same I have learned concerning the request for a pasenger to exit a car, while Maryland v. Wilson permits it, some states forbid it absent a legal reason.
The US SC has ruled a traffic stop MUST only take enough time to conduct business of the original purpose of the stop. Any further detainment MUST be supported by law.
As to the speed, sometimes cops deliberately cut you a LOT of slack. I got busted for speeding once. Something like 85 or more, in a 60 mph zone. Cop said that he clocked me at 72, which saved me around a hundred bucks, fine-wise.
I can’t believe his radar was that bad, and I’m sure his speedometer in his vehicle had to be working. So, maybe the officer clocked the driver at a higher speed, and was cutting him some slack.
At any rate, to the main.
In my city, many years ago, in our hippie days, me and my friends were out cruising. Cop got my stuff, etc… Asked my passenger, Mr. Wiseguy, for his ID. Mr. W just smirked, literally smirked, I say! and said “I’d rather not.” Conversation was over for him. handsomeharry, big pussy that he is, bellowed at friend, “C’mon, Man!” Friend stuck to his guns, cop asked him why not, friend just repeated that he’d rather not. End of incident. So, I was impressed by my friend’s character, tho thinking he may have got me the ticket while the cop was disposed to issue a warning. (IIRC, I didn’t get a ticket.) At any rate, at least in our jurisdiction, passengers are not required to provide an ID.