An ancient artifact was gifted to me 60 years ago. How do I repatriate it to its original country?
It depends on what the artifact is, and what its original country was. If it’s something relatively low-value, like a Roman coin, there probably isn’t anyone in the original country who cares enough to take possession of it.
We need more information before we can help. What is the artifact you would like to return. Do you know exactly how it got to you? Was it purchased legally or illegally? Is it historically significant? Can you provide a photo or any other background information on it?
I have 2 ancient oil lamps. I prefer not to post pictures. They were found on the outskirts of a village in a Mediterranean country by an old family friend, and he gifted them to me when I was a teenager. He told me that they would be dated BC.
Contact a university in said country and ask if they’d be willing to look at pictures. Go from there.
A local university that has a language or history department dealing with that nation might have contact information for the relevant foreign university (for example, your local State University may have a Greek history or language professor who has contacts with Athens Agricultural U).
If there’s an actual archaeology department, all the better.
I’ve got an ancient Roman oil lamp, myself; although it is authentic, it is not that rare, so I am not concerned about depriving the Italian nation of their heritage. But your examples may be different.
I’m less concerned that they might not be rare. I feel that they should be returned to where they belong, especially as related to history of the village.
True!
FYI to all: Based on your feedback, I realized that I know a legal scholar who is from this village. I have sent a message to him; also stating that I am concerned about potential legal considerations. related to having taken these out of the original country. Back then (1960s), we we were not concerned about such legalities. I will report back on his advice and recommendations.
I’d be fascinated to hear updates on this.
What country are they from, anyway?
I’ll definitely let the group know more. I want to hold back on identifying the country right now until I feel more comfortable about potential legal ramifications. It’s a Mediterranean country and some have strict laws about owning such items, especially outside of the originating country. In the 1960s it would not have been considered pilfering, but it may be so now.
Kudos to you for trying to do the right thing, and for being cautious because of the possible legalities involved. My guess is that if the village wants these artifacts back, and you are willing to give them back, there won’t be any legal ramifications, but best to know the laws involved before doing anything that might land you in trouble.
What has any Googling you’ve done revealed?
It seems that a Google search might at least tell you how rare these items are.
Speaking as an archaeologist, firstly congratulations for considering repatriation of someone else’s cultural heritage. It is a principled and ethical thing to do that reflects well on you.
From following other repatriations, the optimistic outcome is if the village or its regional town has a museum or archaeological unit that can take custody, as they are likely to manage them appropriately. However, because they will be under-funded and under-resourced they may politely decline, as many deal with the legacies of material of this sort still in the ground being constantly at risk of local development impacts, or managing archaeological digs by foreign universities and museums that have left them with warehouses of material they already cannot deal with, and not a penny / peso / lira in support. Unless an actual appropriate institution says yes, then I would suggest it is no better to send them than continue to keep them. Ensure that the provenance (origin) story is kept with them and they are well-stored. That leaves open the option of you or your kids to one day ask again or even travel there.
The exact legality of the removal will vary widely depending on the specific country. Heritage authorities are overwhelmed with attempting to identify significant art looted over the past century, and still actively stolen and traded, so are not likely to send Interpol after you.
I haven’t googled at all. I truly have no interest in their value. It’s the connection to a time and place that holds value. And, if I can get these back to the village from which they came, I know the people there will value them in the same way. It’s heritage that counts.
Thank you for the information. These are my cultural heritage; from my father’s village which I have traveled to often. I still have friends and relatives there, and I know how important cultural heritage is to those in the village. They have even established a small museum depicting the “old” ways before running water and electricity. I know they would cherish these and treat them with the respect they deserve.
At first, I wondered if they should go to a museum there and that seemed more difficult and confusing. Based on feedback here, I am convinced that returning them to the village is best. It feels right and pleases me.The biggest hurdles for me now are contingent on what the learned lawyer can tell me. Will there be any legal ramifications? How do I safely return them and to whom? What will be done with them when delivered?
Having struggled with this idea for several weeks, I now feel excited and that this is the right thing to do. A weight has been lifted. It’s a bit of an adventure!
Oh, and
[Moderating]
Since this is asking for advice, and since the reason for wanting advice touches on legal implications, this thread is better for IMHO. Moving.
Are clay lamps necessarily “cultural heritage”, though? Maybe, if they have images carved or glazed into them, or the like… but they might also be just purely utilitarian objects. If my grandfather made a tool, and gave or sold it to someone else, and that person transferred it to someone else, and the tool eventually made its way to some other country, to the hands of someone who had use for it, I wouldn’t think that that person was inappropriately appropriating my culture, nor that there was any reason why the tool ought to be returned.