The reason that I would identify the typical SDMB as a bunch of parrots is that they continue to offer the same silly statements over and over again as if repeating them enough makes them true. Take for instance the argument that is the centerpiece of this discussion, which appears to be:
- There is no evidence for the existence of God
- Therefore God does not exist.
Formulated like this, the argument is simply invalid. The conclusion that God does not exist does not follow from the premise that there is no evidence for the existence of God. There are any number of things that exist for which there is no evidence. So for instance, prior to the 15th century there was no evidence for the existence of the planet Neptune. Following this type of argument then atheists would have to conclude that Neptune did not exist until it was observed, at which point it sprung into existence. This is clearly absurd, because the logic of the argument is invalid. Even if you take the first premise as being true, all that you can reasonably conclude from this argument is:
- There is no evidence for the existence of God
2*) Therefore God may or may not exist.
Since in this argument God may or may not exist, the statement that the claims of religion generally and Christianity specifically are wrong is simply irrational. There is no basis for that claim based on the evidence (or lack thereof) that we have. If you want to claim that a religion is wrong you need something more than just the general statement that “there is no evidence”
But what about the null hypothesis I hear you squawking? That is simply being abused in an irrational way. The logic behind a “null hypothesis” flows from having statements that necessarily flow from one another. So for instance say you have claim A, which is difficult to test directly. To find out if A is true you find another statement B which must be true if A is true. You then test B to find out if it is true. If B is true, that helps to confirm that A is indeed true. If it is not, then the null hypothesis, not A is confirmed.
So for instance in a drug trial the statement “This drug cures cancer” is impossible to definitively test. So what researchers do is find a statement that must be true if the drug does actually cure cancer. So here the B statement is “patients given this drug will do better than those without”. This statement is easy to test, and so the experiments are carried out. If the B statement is not true, then that means that the A statement cannot be true. So the null hypothesis, that the drug does not cure cancer is confirmed. If the patients given the drug do better than the control group, then it is likely that the drug does actually work. Note that the test is not really on the claim whether the drug actually works or not, it is on what happens to the specific groups of patients. From this the activity of the drug is inferred. Also note that until statement B is tested, it is simply unknown whether or not the drug works. No-one assumes that the drug does not work, otherwise why do the experiments in the first place? Drug trials are expensive, and why bother if you already know the activity of the drug? The null can only be confirmed with actual evidence, that a statement is not true, not simple lack of evidence.
What does this have to do with atheist arguments? Simply that the null argument here is not being applied in a logical, rational way. If you take as your A statement “God exists”, to logically use the null hypothesis you have to identify some statement or evidence that necessarily must be true if God does exist, and then demonstrate that this is not true. Without this the appeal to the null hypothesis is simply pseudo-scientific claptrap. To appeal to a null hypothesis you need some sort of reason or evidence which demonstrates that it is more likely than it’s negation. It is not simply true by default, or until proven otherwise.
Calculon.