The 87th Precinct novels have a lot of one-word titles, but they weren’t published in any kind of order and don’t encompass the alphabet.
Lawrence Treat is the author who started the alphabetical titles with B as in Banshee in 1940. He also did a D, F, H (twice), O, P, Q, T, and V.
Ellery Queen’s first nine novels were The Geographical Noun Mystery. Roman Hat, Greek Coffin, Chinese Orange, etc.
Craig Rice did a variation on this with The Thursday Turkey, Sunday Pigeon, and April Robin Murders.
Glen Cook has a series of sf mysteries with metals in the titles: Sweet Silver Blues; Bitter Gold Hearts, and Copper, Tin, Brass, and Iron.
Lawrence Block does The Burglar who… Liked to Quote Kipling; Studied Spinoza; Painted Like Mondrian and several more.
George Baxt did a wonderful series of mysteries starting the Dorothy Parker Murder Case, but moving over to Hollywood, with everybody from Alfred Hitchcock to Mae West in the titles.
One real oddity: C. C. Benison, whose mysteries are solved by Queen Elizabeth and one of her maids. Death at Buckingham Palace; Death at Windsor Castle; Death at Sandringham House. He appears to have stopped them with Diana died, possibly because she was an occasional character.
Sue Grafton’s father, G. W., was a mystery writer, BTW. His first two books had the same detective and their titles were the first two lines of a nursery rhyme: The Rat Began to Gnaw the Rope and The Rope Began to Hang the Butcher.